Smile line fillers New Westminster

Smile line fillers New Westminster

Botulinum toxin type a

Let's explore how their convenient location and dedication to client satisfaction create a beauty haven that's hard to resist. And with Manhas Health Co., you're in the hands of professionals who prioritize your well-being and aesthetic goals. Safety is also a top priority. They'll assess your facial structure, skin quality, and discuss what you hope to achieve with botox or fillers. Learn more about Smile line fillers New Westminster here
This knowledge will help you have an informed discussion with your specialist. Learn more about Botox and Filler New Westminster here. Xeomin While some results may be immediate, the full effects of Botox and fillers can take up to two weeks to materialize. Type A botulinum toxin Moreover, Manhas Health Co. stays ahead by continuously training in the newest methods and embracing technological advancements in the field.
If you experience any unexpected side effects or have concerns, don't hesitate to contact your provider for advice and guidance. While many associate Botox with its ability to smooth wrinkles, it's also remarkably effective for other aesthetic and therapeutic purposes. Manhas Health Co. embodies this principle by integrating the latest safety protocols and ensuring a welcoming, stress-free environment.
Understanding the process is key. It's not about freezing your face but relaxing the muscles to give you a more rested, youthful appearance. It's about making sure you're not just another appointment on their schedule.

Botox focuses on muscle activity, while fillers target volume loss.

Smile line fillers New Westminster - Botulinium toxin

  • Jeuvea
  • BOTOX
  • Botulinum Toxin
  • Botulinum toxin B
  • Botulinum toxin D
  • Botulismotoxin
  • Bo-tox
  • Type C botulinum toxin
  • Botulinum toxin G
  • Botulinum C toxin
  • Botulinum toxin type B
  • Botulinum C2 toxin
  • Type F botulinum toxin
  • Botulotoxin
  • Botulinus toxin
  • Dysport
  • LetibotulinumtoxinA
  • Clostridium botulinum toxin
Head over to their website and use the convenient online booking tool. In essence, at Manhas Health Co., precision isn't just a practice; it's a promise. You'll see results right away with minimal downtime. It's not about changing who you are; it's about accentuating what makes you uniquely beautiful.

It's also rare, but some people might experience eyelid drooping or eyebrow asymmetry, which typically resolves as the Botox wears off. When you're entrusting your appearance to a professional, you want to make sure they've got the skills and knowledge to enhance your features while maintaining a natural look. Our experts are skilled in pinpointing the exact areas that will give you the most natural and satisfying results. It's about refinement and rejuvenation, bringing out the best version of you.

After ensuring your results are perfectly maintained with regular visits to Manhas Health Co, it's the ideal moment to consider enhancing your look further today. Signing up for our newsletter is the best way to stay informed about upcoming promotions. You'll work closely with their specialists to identify areas that can benefit from a touch-up or a more significant change. Whether it's smoothing out fine lines, restoring volume, or enhancing facial contours, the outcomes are consistently impressive. Botulinum toxin G

At Manhas Health Co., we understand that everyone's skin and aesthetic aspirations are different. They're primarily made of hyaluronic acid, a substance naturally found in your skin that adds volume and hydration. To begin your journey towards a more confident you, simply schedule your initial consultation with Manhas Health Co. They're ready to accommodate your schedule, offering appointments throughout the week, including evenings and weekends for your convenience.

Smile line fillers New Westminster - Onabotulinum toxin A

  • Botulinum toxin type a
  • Type A botulinum toxin
  • Onabotulinum toxin A
  • Botulinum Toxin Type B
  • Botulinium toxin
  • Dysport A
  • Botulinum toxin type D
  • Botulinum toxin type C2
  • Xeomin
  • Botox Cosmetic
  • Botulinum toxin D
  • Botulismotoxin
  • Bo-tox
  • Type C botulinum toxin
  • Botulinum toxin G
  • Botulinum C toxin
  • Botulinum toxin type B
  • Botulinum C2 toxin


Dermal filler New Westminster

It is located on the banks of the Fraser River as it turns southwest towards its estuary, on the southwest side of the Burrard Peninsula, and roughly at the centre of the Greater Vancouver region.

Botox clinic New Westminster

Nearby Tourist Attractions

New Westminster Museum

Tourist attraction, Archive, Museum
New Westminster Museum, 777 Columbia St, New Westminster, BC V3M 1B6
Small contemporary exhibition of local historical artifacts, records, photos & vehicles.

Fraser River Discovery Centre

Visitor center, Art museum, Children's amusement center, Science museum, Tourist attraction
Fraser River Discovery Centre, 788 Quayside Dr, New Westminster, BC V3M 6Z6
Modern museum featuring hands-on educational exhibits about the Fraser River & its history.

Samson V Museum

Tourist attraction, Historical landmark, Historical place museum
Samson V Museum, 880 Quayside Dr, New Westminster, BC V3M 6G1

FRASER RIVER NEW WESTMINSTER BC CANADÁ

Tourist attraction
FRASER RIVER NEW WESTMINSTER BC CANADÁ, Quayside Dr, New Westminster, BC V3M 6T8

Charles Rummel Park

Tourist attraction, Park
Charles Rummel Park, 3325 Piper Ave, Burnaby, BC V5A 2A8
Park featuring a playground with a splash area, plus a ball diamond, walking paths & restrooms.


Citations and other links

Botox anti-aging solutions Smile line fillers New Westminster

What sets them apart is their personalized care approach, promising a journey that's as comforting as it is transformative. Their approach combines precision with a deep understanding of facial anatomy, allowing for natural-looking enhancements that highlight your best features. In choosing Manhas Health Co., you're not just choosing quality treatments; you're embracing a modern, sophisticated approach to beauty. With fillers, you're not changing who you are; you're simply restoring volume where it's been lost or highlighting features you already love. From special pricing on botox units to bundle deals on fillers, we're committed to providing value without compromising on quality.

As you contemplate the possibilities of rejuvenating your visage, it's crucial to arm yourself with information about why Manhas Health Co. is a preferred choice for many.

Smile line fillers New Westminster - Type A botulinum toxin

  • Prabotulinum toxin A
  • Botulinum C1 toxin
  • Type C1 botulinum toxin
  • Botulinum toxin type G
  • C6760H10447N1743O2010S32
  • Relfydess
  • Prabotulinumtoxin A
  • Botulinum toxin C
  • Botulinum A toxin
  • Type D botulinum toxin
  • Jeuveau
  • RimabotulinumtoxinB
  • Type B botulinum toxin
  • OnabotulinumtoxinA
  • RelabotulinumtoxinA
  • Botulinum toxin type A
  • Onabotulinumtoxin
  • Neurobloc
  • Botulin Toxin
When you opt for both treatments at Manhas Health Co, you're ensuring a more harmonious, youthful look. You'll find them ready to answer any questions with patience and a smile, making your experience as stress-free as possible. This means they're not only effective but also safe, with a low risk of allergic reactions.

They're not just injecting; they're sculpting, taking into account the balance and harmony of your facial features. With Manhas Health Co, you're not just getting a filler treatment; you're embracing an artful approach to beauty enhancement.

Smile line fillers New Westminster - Bo-tox

  • Botulinum toxin C1
  • Bontoxilysin
  • Botulinum toxin C2
  • Myobloc
  • Botulin
  • Botulinum toxin type C1
  • Botulinal toxin
  • Nuceiva
  • Botulinum toxin type b
  • Botulinum toxin type F
  • Botulinumtoxin
  • Botox
  • Botulinum toxin F
  • Letybo
  • Daxxify
  • IncobotulinumtoxinA
Nestled in the heart of Smile line fillers New Westminster, they've quickly become a beacon for those seeking to rejuvenate their appearance with the latest in aesthetic technology. Their user-friendly online booking system allows you to pick the date and time that works best for you, ensuring that your path to enhanced beauty fits seamlessly into your busy life.

They believe that your experience should be as stress-free and enjoyable as the beautiful results you're after. Choosing Manhas Health Co. means opting for a partner who values your health and beauty as much as you do. At Manhas Health Co., they understand that everyone's skin and body react differently to treatments. Our team of professionals isn't only highly skilled in administering botox and fillers but also committed to ongoing education to stay abreast of the latest techniques and safety measures.

Smile line fillers New Westminster - Xeomin

  • Botulinum toxin C2
  • Myobloc
  • Botulin
  • Botulinum toxin type C1
  • Botulinal toxin
  • Nuceiva
  • Botulinum toxin type b
  • Botulinum toxin type F
  • Botulinumtoxin
  • Botox
  • Botulinum toxin F
  • Letybo
  • Daxxify
  • IncobotulinumtoxinA
  • DaxibotulinumtoxinA
  • Botulinum neurotoxin
  • Bo tox
  • Botulinum toxin type C


Botox anti-aging solutions Smile line fillers New Westminster
Age-defying treatments Smile line fillers New Westminster

Age-defying treatments Smile line fillers New Westminster

Understanding the importance of expertise is crucial when selecting Botox and filler services, as it directly impacts the safety and quality of your results. One of the key benefits you'll notice is a significant reduction in the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. You'll find it convenient to select a time and date that fits your busy schedule. We use only premium, FDA-approved products, minimizing the risk of adverse reactions and ensuring the best possible outcomes for you.

It's our way of saying thank you for trusting us with your care and expanding our community. It's this level of detailed care and commitment to meeting individual needs that sets Manhas Health Co. apart. That's why we're committed to using only the highest-quality products and the most advanced techniques to ensure you're in safe hands.

This sought-after cosmetic procedure involves injecting botulinum toxin to relax facial muscles, softening existing lines and preventing new ones from forming.

Smile line fillers New Westminster - Xeomin

  • Type G botulinum toxin
  • Botox Treatment
  • Botulinum toxin A
  • Botulinum
  • Oculinum
  • Botulism toxin
  • ATC code M03AX01
  • Jeuvea
  • BOTOX
  • Botulinum Toxin
  • Botulinum toxin B
  • Dysport A
  • Botulinum toxin type D
  • Botulinum toxin type C2
  • Xeomin
Your journey with us doesn't end after your treatment. So, when you're considering Botox and fillers, remember you're not just selecting a treatment; you're choosing a team dedicated to your well-being and satisfaction. Type C botulinum toxin

Having completed your consultation at Manhas Health Co, you're now ready to learn what the Botox process entails and what results you can expect. At Manhas Health Co., it's all about crafting a bespoke experience that leaves you looking and feeling your best. You'll be informed about what to expect during and after the treatment, including any potential side effects and aftercare tips.

Targeted wrinkle treatment Smile line fillers New Westminster

They'll work with you to create a treatment plan that enhances your natural beauty without overdoing it. At Manhas Health Co. in Smile line fillers New Westminster, you're not just another client; you're a canvas for aesthetic enhancements that promise to rejuvenate and refresh your appearance. At Manhas Health Co., you're not just receiving advanced Botox and filler treatments; you're being looked after by a team that puts your well-being at the forefront. By choosing to combine these treatments, you're not just addressing a single issue but rejuvenating your appearance comprehensively. You'll find that their professionalism and skill are unmatched.
Understanding the safety and potential side effects of Botox and dermal fillers is crucial before undergoing any cosmetic treatment at Manhas Health Co.

Smile line fillers New Westminster - Botulinum toxin type D

  1. Botox Cosmetic
  2. Botulinum toxin D
  3. Botulismotoxin
  4. Bo-tox
  5. Type C botulinum toxin
  6. Botulinum toxin G
  7. Botulinum C toxin
  8. Botulinum toxin type B
  9. Botulinum C2 toxin
  10. Type F botulinum toxin
  11. Botulotoxin
  12. Botulinus toxin
  13. Dysport
  14. LetibotulinumtoxinA
  15. Clostridium botulinum toxin
  16. Botulinum toxin C1
  17. Bontoxilysin
Whether you're aiming to achieve a more youthful look, smooth out fine lines, or enhance your facial contours, we've got you covered. Botox treatments, known for their ability to smooth wrinkles and rejuvenate your appearance, are a popular choice for those looking to regain a youthful complexion. The clinic's location isn't just about practicality; it's also about the experience.
He turned to dermal fillers for his hollow cheeks, a condition that made him look older than his years. Exploring our clients' journeys from initial consultation to post-treatment satisfaction reveals the transformative power of our advanced Botox and filler treatments. Botulinum C toxin It's a straightforward process designed to fit seamlessly into your busy life. Read more about Smile line fillers New Westminster here It's science meeting artistry, all to help you look and feel your best.
Without these signals, the muscles can't contract, leading to a reduction in the appearance of facial wrinkles. Additionally, keep your skincare routine gentle. With a keen eye for detail and a deep understanding of facial anatomy, they aim to achieve natural-looking results that enhance your innate beauty without altering your fundamental appearance. This knowledge empowers you to make informed decisions alongside your specialist, turning the journey into a partnership.

Targeted wrinkle treatment Smile line fillers New Westminster
Affordable Botox Smile line fillers New Westminster
Affordable Botox Smile line fillers New Westminster

This dual strategy addresses both dynamic wrinkles caused by facial expressions and static wrinkles that are present even when your face is at rest. You'll want to avoid touching or applying pressure to the treated areas for at least 24 hours. High temperatures can increase swelling and discomfort. You're not just another client to them; you're an individual with unique needs and desires.

After booking, you'll receive a confirmation email with all the details of your appointment, including date, time, and any preparation instructions specific to your chosen treatment. Having outlined the essential before and after care for your Botox or filler treatment, it's clear why Manhas Health Co stands out as a premier choice. It's all about precision, safety, and personalized care here.

Their friendly staff are ready to assist you, answering any preliminary questions you might've about Botox and filler services. Instead, they plump up areas that have lost shape or volume due to aging, giving you a more youthful appearance without the need for surgery. They can enhance your lips, define your cheekbones, smooth out under-eye hollows, and even reshape your jawline.

It's especially effective for frown lines, crow's feet, and forehead lines. Onabotulinum toxin A Well, most of the fillers we use are based on hyaluronic acid, a substance naturally found in your skin.

Smile line fillers New Westminster - Dysport A

  • Type B botulinum toxin
  • OnabotulinumtoxinA
  • RelabotulinumtoxinA
  • Botulinum toxin type A
  • Onabotulinumtoxin
  • Neurobloc
  • Botulin Toxin
  • PrabotulinumtoxinA-xvfs
  • Type E botulinum toxin
  • Botulinum toxin E
  • Botulinum toxin type E
  • ATCvet code QM03AX01
  • Botulinum F toxin
  • Botulinum B toxin
  • Botulinum D toxin
  • Type G botulinum toxin
  • Botox Treatment
  • Botulinum toxin A
They'll carefully select the right filler to complement your natural features, ensuring results that look and feel authentic.

Lip filler Smile line fillers New Westminster

You're welcome to call their friendly staff, who'll happily assist you in setting up your appointment. You'll leave not only with visible results but with a boost in confidence that impacts every aspect of your life. Post-treatment, you'll receive personalized advice on maintaining your new look. Your journey, from the first consultation to the moment you behold your results, is a shared adventure.
Trust us to provide you with a comfortable, effective Botox experience that meets your individual needs. It's your beauty, refined. Botox typically lasts 3 to 4 months, while fillers can last from 6 to 18 months, depending on the type used and your body's response.

Smile line fillers New Westminster - Botulinum toxin type D

  • Jeuveau
  • RimabotulinumtoxinB
  • Type B botulinum toxin
  • OnabotulinumtoxinA
  • RelabotulinumtoxinA
  • Botulinum toxin type A
  • Onabotulinumtoxin
  • Neurobloc
  • Botulin Toxin
  • PrabotulinumtoxinA-xvfs
  • Type E botulinum toxin
  • Botulinum toxin E
  • Botulinum toxin type E
  • ATCvet code QM03AX01
  • Botulinum F toxin
  • Botulinum B toxin
  • Botulinum D toxin

They're not just injecting; they're sculpting, using your natural contours as a guide. They've honed their skills through years of dedicated practice and continuous education, ensuring you're in the safest hands. Whether you're curious about the procedure details, aftercare, or the results you can anticipate, now's the time to get all the information you need.
This includes skin care tips tailored to your specific needs, recommendations for follow-up sessions, and guidance on how to protect your skin from everyday environmental factors.

Smile line fillers New Westminster - Onabotulinum toxin A

  1. DaxibotulinumtoxinA
  2. Botulinum neurotoxin
  3. Bo tox
  4. Botulinum toxin type C
  5. Prabotulinum toxin A
  6. Botulinum C1 toxin
  7. Type C1 botulinum toxin
  8. Botulinum toxin type G
  9. C6760H10447N1743O2010S32
  10. Relfydess
  11. Prabotulinumtoxin A
  12. Botulinum toxin C
  13. Botulinum A toxin
  14. Type D botulinum toxin
  15. Jeuveau
  16. RimabotulinumtoxinB
Moving on to dermal fillers, the procedure is designed to restore volume and reduce wrinkles, resulting in a more youthful appearance. They'll work with you to tailor a treatment plan that respects your individuality and aims for results that feel as good as they look.

Learn more about Smile line fillers New Westminster here
Lip filler Smile line fillers New Westminster

Military Policlinic in Legionowo, Poland

A clinic (or outpatient clinic or ambulatory care clinic) is a health facility that is primarily focused on the care of outpatients. Clinics can be privately operated or publicly managed and funded. They typically cover the primary care needs of populations in local communities, in contrast to larger hospitals which offer more specialized treatments and admit inpatients for overnight stays.

Most commonly, the English word clinic refers to a general practice, run by one or more general practitioners offering small therapeutic treatments, but it can also mean a specialist clinic. Some clinics retain the name "clinic" even while growing into institutions as large as major hospitals or becoming associated with a hospital or medical school.

Etymology

[edit]
The entrance to a surgery clinic in Greenwich, London

The word clinic derives from Ancient Greek κλίνειν klinein meaning to slope, lean or recline. Hence κλίνη klinē is a couch or bed and κλινικός klinikos is a physician who visits his patients in their beds.[1] In Latin, this became clīnicus.[2][3]

An early use of the word clinic was "one who receives baptism on a sick bed".[4]

Overview

[edit]
A medpunkt (health care access point) delivers primary health care to the residents of the village of Veliki Vrag, Russia.

Clinics are often associated with a general medical practice run by one or several general practitioners. Other types of clinics are run by the type of specialist associated with that type: physical therapy clinics by physiotherapists and psychology clinics by clinical psychologists, and so on for each health profession. (This can even hold true for certain services outside the medical field: for example, legal clinics are run by lawyers.)

Some clinics are operated in-house by employers, government organizations, or hospitals, and some clinical services are outsourced to private corporations which specialize in providing health services. In China, for example, owners of such clinics do not have formal medical education. There were 659,596 village clinics in China in 2011.[5]

Health care in India, China, Russia and Africa is provided to those regions' vast rural areas by mobile health clinics or roadside dispensaries, some of which integrate traditional medicine. In India these traditional clinics provide ayurvedic medicine and unani herbal medical practice. In each of these countries, traditional medicine tends to be a hereditary practice.

Function

[edit]
Policlinic in Karl-Marx-Stadt, German Democratic Republic

The function of clinics differs from country to country. For instance, a local general practice run by a single general practitioner provides primary health care and is usually run as a for-profit business by the owner, whereas a government-run specialist clinic may provide subsidized or specialized[dubiousdiscuss] health care.

Some clinics serve as a place for people with injuries or illnesses to be seen by a triage nurse or other health worker. In these clinics, the injury or illness may not be serious enough to require a visit to an emergency room (ER), but the person can be transferred to one if needed.

Treatment at these clinics is often less expensive than it would be at a casualty department. Also, unlike an ER these clinics are often not open on a 24/7/365 basis. They sometimes have access to diagnostic equipment such as X-ray machines, especially if the clinic is part of a larger facility. Doctors at such clinics can often refer patients to specialists if the need arises.[6]

Large outpatient clinics

[edit]
Children Policlinic in Novokosino District of Moscow

Large outpatient clinics vary in size, but can be as large as hospitals.

Function

[edit]

Typical large outpatient clinics house general medical practitioners (GPs) such as doctors and nurses to provide ambulatory care and some acute care services but lack the major surgical and pre- and post-operative care facilities commonly associated with hospitals.

Policlinic in Vilnius-Karoliniškės, Lithuania

Besides GPs, if a clinic is a polyclinic, it can house outpatient departments of some medical specialties, such as gynecology, dermatology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, neurology, pulmonology, cardiology, and endocrinology. In some university cities, polyclinics contain outpatient departments for the entire teaching hospital in one building.

Internationally

[edit]
Policlinic in Písek, Czech Republic

Large outpatient clinics are a common type of healthcare facility in many countries, including France, Germany (long tradition), Switzerland, and most of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (often using a mixed Soviet-German model), as well as in former Soviet republics such as Russia and Ukraine;[7] and in many countries across Asia and Africa.[8]

In Europe, especially in the Central and Eastern Europe, bigger outpatient health centers, commonly in cities and towns, are called policlinics (derived from the word polis, not from poly-).

Recent[when?] Russian governments have attempted to replace the policlinic model introduced during Soviet times with a more western model. However, this has failed.[9]

In the Czech Republic, many policlinics were privatized or leasehold and decentralized in the post-communist era: some of them are just lessors and coordinators of a healthcare provided by private doctor's offices in the policlinic building.[10]

India has also set up huge numbers of polyclinics for former defense personnel. The network envisages 426 polyclinics in 343 districts of the country which will benefit about 33 lakh (3.3 million) ex-servicemen residing in remote and far-flung areas.[11]

Policlinics are also the backbone of Cuba's primary care system and have been credited with a role in improving that nation's health indicators.[12]

Mobile clinics

[edit]
Hinduja National Hospital's mobile clinic
A mobile health clinic operated from a truck

Providing health services through mobile clinics provides accessible healthcare services to these remote areas that have yet to make their way in the politicized space. For example, mobile clinics have proved helpful in dealing with new settlement patterns in Costa Rica. Before foreign aid organizations or the state government became involved in healthcare, Costa Rica's people managed their own health maintenance and protection.[13] People relied on various socio-cultural adaptations and remedies to prevent illnesses, such as personal hygiene and settlement patterns.[13] When new settlements that sprang up along the coast became "artificial" communities, and due to lack of traditional home healing practices here, alternative methods such as mobile clinics had to be implemented in these communities for the protection and prevention of diseases.[13]

A study done in rural Namibia revealed the health changes of orphans, vulnerable children and non-vulnerable children (OVC) visiting a mobile clinic where health facilities are far from the remote villages.[14] Over 6 months, information on immunization status, diagnosis of anemia, skin and intestinal disorders, nutrition, dental disorders was collected and showed that visits to mobile clinics improved the overall health of children that visited regularly. It concluded that specified "planning of these programs in areas with similarly identified barriers may help correct the health disparities among Namibian OVC and could be a first step in improving child morbidity and mortality in difficult-to-reach rural areas."[14]

A mobile clinic run from a pickup truck in Yemen

Food supplementation in the context of routine mobile clinic visits also shows to have improved the nutritional status of children, and it needs further exploration as a way to reduce childhood malnutrition in resource-scarce areas. A cross-sectional study focussed on comparing acute and chronic undernutrition rates prior to and after a food-supplementation program as an adjunct to routine health care for children of migrant workers residing in rural communities in the Dominican Republic.[15] Rates of chronic undernutrition decreased from 33% to 18% after the initiation of the food-supplementation program and shows that the community members attending the mobile clinics are not just passively receiving the information but are incorporating it and helping keep their children nourished.[15]

Types

[edit]
Storefront clinic in Manhattan

There are many different types of clinics providing outpatient services. Such clinics may be public (government-funded) or private medical practices.

  • A CLSC are in Quebec; they are a type of free clinic funded by the provincial government; they provide service not covered by Canada's healthcare plan including social workers
  • In the United States, a free clinic provides free or low-cost healthcare for those with little or without insurance.
  • A retail-based clinic is housed in supermarkets and similar retail outlets providing walk-in health care, which may be staffed by nurse practitioners.
  • A general out-patient clinic offers general diagnoses or treatments without an overnight stay.
  • A polyclinic or policlinic provides a range of healthcare services (including diagnostics) without need of an overnight stay
  • A specialist clinic provides advanced diagnostic or treatment services for specific diseases or parts of the body. This type contrasts with general out-patient clinics.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ κλινικός in A Greek–English Lexicon. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  2. ^ clinicus in A Latin Dictionary. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  3. ^ Partridge, Eric. Origins: A short etymological dictionary of modern English. Book Club Associates, 1966.
  4. ^ Clinic, Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
  5. ^ "Statistical Communiqué on the 2011 National Economic and Social Development". stats.gov.cn. National Bureau of Statistics of China. 22 February 2012. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012. Retrieved 5 September 2012.
  6. ^ "Clinic search engine tools to find the right Clinic". 123 clinic. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  7. ^ NLH – Health Management – Policlinics. Retrieved 3 July 2008.[permanent dead link]
  8. ^ Google
  9. ^ Ershova I, Rider O, Gorelov V (December 2007). "Policlinics in London". Lancet. 370 (9603): 1890–1. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61793-0. PMID 18068500. S2CID 43512994.
  10. ^ David Rath: Trnitá cesta privatizace českého zdravotnictví, Hospodářské noviny, 10 September 1996
  11. ^ "199 Additional Polyclinics For Ex-Servicemen". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 26 May 2010.
  12. ^ Cuba's primary health care revolution: 30 years on, Bulletin of the World Health Organization
  13. ^ a b c Morgan, Lynn M. (February 1993). Community Participation in Health: The Politics of Primary Care in Costa Rica. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511558092. ISBN 978-0-521-41898-0. Retrieved 8 May 2020. cite book: |website= ignored (help)
  14. ^ a b Aneni, Ehimen; De Beer, Ingrid H.; Hanson, Laura; Rijnen, Bas; Brenan, Alana T.; Feeley, Frank G. (2013). "Mobile primary healthcare services and health outcomes of children in rural Namibia". Rural and Remote Health. 13 (3): 2380. ISSN 1445-6354. PMID 24016257.
  15. ^ a b Parikh, Kavita; Marein-Efron, Gabriela; Huang, Shirley; O'Hare, Geraldine; Finalle, Rodney; Shah, Samir S. (September 2010). "Nutritional Status of Children after a Food-Supplementation Program Integrated with Routine Health Care through Mobile Clinics in Migrant Communities in the Dominican Republic". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 83 (3): 559–564. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0485. ISSN 0002-9637. PMC 2929051. PMID 20810820.

Wrinkles on the face and hands are a typical sign of aging

A wrinkle, also known as a rhytid, is a fold, ridge or crease in an otherwise smooth surface, such as on skin or fabric. Skin wrinkles typically appear as a result of ageing processes such as glycation,[1] habitual sleeping positions,[2] loss of body mass, sun damage,[3] or temporarily, as the result of prolonged immersion in water. Age wrinkling in the skin is promoted by habitual facial expressions, aging, sun damage, smoking, poor hydration, and various other factors.[4] In humans, it can also be prevented to some degree by avoiding excessive solar exposure and through diet (in particular through consumption of carotenoids, tocopherols and flavonoids, vitamins (A, C, D and E), essential omega-3-fatty acids, certain proteins and lactobacilli).[5]

Skin

[edit]

Causes for aging wrinkles

[edit]
A woman of European origin with facial wrinkles

Development of facial wrinkles is a kind of fibrosis of the skin. Misrepair-accumulation aging theory suggests that wrinkles develop from incorrect repairs of injured elastic fibers and collagen fibers.[6][7][8] Repeated extensions and compressions of the skin cause repeated injuries of extracellular fibers in derma. During the repairing process, some of the broken elastic fibers and collagen fibers are not regenerated and restored but replaced by altered fibers. When an elastic fiber is broken in an extended state, it may be replaced by a "long" collagen fiber. Accumulation of "long" collagen fibers makes part of the skin looser and stiffer, and as a consequence, a big fold of skin appears. When a "long" collagen is broken in a compressed state, it may be replaced by a "short" collagen fiber. The "shorter" collagen fibers will restrict the extension of "longer" fibers, and make the “long" fibers in a folding state permanently. A small fold, namely a permanent wrinkle, then appears.

Sleep wrinkles

[edit]

Sleep wrinkles are created and reinforced when the face is compressed against a pillow or bed surface in side or stomach sleeping positions during sleep.[9] They appear in predictable locations due to the underlying superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS), and are usually distinct from wrinkles of facial expression.[10] As with wrinkles of facial expression, sleep wrinkles can deepen and become permanent over time, unless the habitual sleeping positions which cause the wrinkles are altered.[11]

Water-immersion wrinkling

[edit]
A wrinkled finger after a warm bath

The wrinkles that occur in skin over prolonged exposure to water are sometimes referred to as pruney fingers or water aging. This is a temporary skin condition where the skin on the palms of the hand or feet becomes wrinkly. This wrinkling response may have imparted an evolutionary benefit by providing improved traction in wet conditions,[12] and a better grasp of wet objects.[13] These results were called into question by a 2014 study that failed to reproduce any improvement of handling wet objects with wrinkled fingertips.[14] However, a 2020 study of gripping efficiency found that wrinkles decreased the force required to grip wet objects by 20%, supporting the traction hypothesis.[15]

Prior to a 1935 study, the common explanation was based on water absorption in the keratin-laden epithelial skin when immersed in water,[16] causing the skin to expand and resulting in a larger surface area, forcing it to wrinkle. Usually the tips of the fingers and toes are the first to wrinkle because of a thicker layer of keratin and an absence of hairs which secrete the protective oil called sebum.

Adult sole showing water immersion wrinkling

In the 1935 study, however, Lewis and Pickering were studying patients with palsy of the median nerve when they discovered that skin wrinkling did not occur in the areas of the patients' skin normally innervated by the damaged nerve. This suggested that the nervous system plays an essential role in wrinkling, so the phenomenon could not be entirely explained simply by water absorption. Recent research shows that wrinkling is related to vasoconstriction.[17][18] Water probably initiates the wrinkling process by altering the balance of electrolytes in the skin as it diffuses into the hands and soles via their many sweat ducts. This could alter the stability of the membranes of the many neurons that synapse on the many blood vessels underneath skin, causing them to fire more rapidly. Increased neuronal firing causes blood vessels to constrict, decreasing the amount of fluid underneath the skin. This decrease in fluid would cause a decrease in tension, causing the skin to become wrinkly.[19]

This insight resulted in bedside tests for nerve damage and vasoconstriction. Wrinkling is often scored with immersion of the hands for 30 minutes in water or EMLA cream with measurements steps of 5 minutes, and counting the number of visible wrinkles in time. Not all healthy persons have finger wrinkling after immersion, so it would be safe to say that sympathetic function is preserved if finger wrinkling after immersion in water is observed, but if the fingers emerge smooth it cannot be assumed that there is a lesion to the autonomic supply or to the peripheral nerves of the hand.[20]

Other animals with wrinkles

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Examples of wrinkles can be found in various animal species that grow loose, excess skin, particularly when they are young. Several breeds of dog, such as the Pug and the Shar Pei, have been bred to exaggerate this trait. In dogs bred for fighting, this is the result of selection for loose skin, which confers a protective advantage.[21]

Techniques for reducing the appearance of aging wrinkles

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A man receiving a botox injection

Current evidence suggests that tretinoin decreases cohesiveness of follicular epithelial cells, although the exact mode of action is unknown. Additionally, tretinoin stimulates mitotic activity and increased turnover of follicular epithelial cells.[22] Tretinoin is better known by the brand name Retin-A.

Topical glycosaminoglycans supplements can help to provide temporary restoration of enzyme balance to slow or prevent matrix breakdown and consequent onset of wrinkle formation. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are produced by the body to maintain structural integrity in tissues and to maintain fluid balance. Hyaluronic acid is a type of GAG that promotes collagen synthesis, repair, and hydration. GAGs serve as a natural moisturizer and lubricant between epidermal cells to inhibit the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).

Dermal fillers are injectable products frequently used to correct wrinkles, and other depressions in the skin. They are often a kind of soft tissue designed to enable injection into the skin for purposes of improving the appearance. The most common products are based on hyaluronic acid and calcium hydroxylapatite.

Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Botox is a specific form of botulinum toxin manufactured by Allergan for both therapeutic and cosmetic use. Besides its cosmetic application, Botox is used in the treatment of other conditions including migraine headache and cervical dystonia (spasmodic torticollis) (a neuromuscular disorder involving the head and neck).[23]

Dysport, manufactured by Ipsen, received FDA approval and is now used to treat cervical dystonia as well as glabellar lines in adults. In 2010, another form of botulinum toxin, one free of complexing proteins, became available to Americans. Xeomin received FDA approval for medical indications in 2010 and cosmetic indications in 2011.

Botulinum toxin treats wrinkles by immobilizing the muscles which cause wrinkles. It is not appropriate for the treatment of all wrinkles; it is indicated for the treatment of glabellar lines (between the eyebrows) in adults. Any other usage is not approved by the FDA and is considered off-label use.

Laser resurfacing is FDA-cleared skin resurfacing procedure in which lasers are used to improve the condition of the skin.[citation needed] Two types of lasers are used to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles on the face; laser ablation, which removes thin layers of skin, and nonablative lasers that stimulate collagen production. Nonablative lasers are less effective than ablative ones but they are less invasive and recovery time is short. After the procedure people experience temporary redness, itching and swelling.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Danby, FW (Jul–Aug 2010). "Nutrition and aging skin: sugar and glycation". Clin Dermatol. 4. 28 (4): 409–411. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.03.018. PMID 20620757.
  2. ^ American Academy of Dermatology. "Causes of Aging". AgingSkinNet. American Academy of Dermatology. Retrieved 5 March 2013.
  3. ^ Cosmetic Procedures for Wrinkles
  4. ^ Anderson, Laurence. 2006. Looking Good, the Australian guide to skin care, cosmetic medicine and cosmetic surgery. AMPCo. Sydney. ISBN 0-85557-044-X.
  5. ^ Schagen, S. K.; Zampeli, V. A.; Makrantonaki, E.; Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). "Discovering the link between nutrition and skin aging". Dermato-Endocrinology. 4 (3): 298–307. doi:10.4161/derm.22876. PMC 3583891. PMID 23467449.
  6. ^ Wang, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas; Wunderlin, Arne; Mahadeva, Ravi (2009). "Aging as a consequence of Misrepair—a novel theory of aging". arXiv:0904.0575 [q-bio.TO].
  7. ^ Wang-Michelitsch, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas (2015). "Aging as a process of accumulation of Misrepairs". arXiv:1503.07163 [q-bio.TO].
  8. ^ Wang-Michelitsch, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas (2015). "Tissue fibrosis: a principal evidence for the central role of Misrepairs in aging". arXiv:1505.01376 [q-bio.TO].
  9. ^ Sarifakioglu, Nedim; Terzioglu, A.; Ates, L.; Aslan, G. (2004). "A New Phenomenon: 'Sleep Lines' on the Face". Scan J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 38 (4): 244–247. doi:10.1080/02844310410027257. PMID 15370809. S2CID 25307487.
  10. ^ Fulton, James E.; Gaminchi, F. (1999). "Sleep Lines". Dermatol Surg. 25 (1): 59–62. doi:10.1046/j.1524-4725.1999.08073.x. PMID 9935097.
  11. ^ Sarifakioglu, Nedim; Terzioglu, A.; Ates, L.; Aslan, G. (2004). "A New Phenomenon: 'Sleep Lines' on the Face". Scan J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 38 (4): 244–247 [246]. doi:10.1080/02844310410027257. PMID 15370809. S2CID 25307487.
  12. ^ Mark Changizi; Romann Weber; Ritesh Kotecha; Joseph Palazzo (2011). "Are Wet-Induced Wrinkled Fingers Primate Rain Treads?". Brain, Behavior and Evolution. 77 (4): 286–90. doi:10.1159/000328223. PMID 21701145.
  13. ^ Kareklas, Kyriacos; Nettle, Daniel; Smulders, Tom V (January 9, 2013). "Water-induced finger wrinkles improve handling of wet objects". Biol. Lett. 9 (2): 20120999. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2012.0999. PMC 3639753. PMID 23302867.
  14. ^ Haseleu, Julia; Omerbašić, Damir; Frenzel, Henning; Gross, Manfred; Lewin, Gary R. (2014). Goldreich, Daniel (ed.). "Water-Induced Finger Wrinkles Do Not Affect Touch Acuity or Dexterity in Handling Wet Objects". PLOS ONE. 9 (1): e84949. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...984949H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084949. PMC 3885627. PMID 24416318.
  15. ^ Davis, N. (8 November 2020). "Water-immersion finger-wrinkling improves grip efficiency in handling wet objects". bioRxiv 10.1101/2020.11.07.372631.
  16. ^ "Dr Karl's Homework – Skin Wrinkles in Water (26/1/2000)". Abc.net.au. 2000-01-26. Retrieved 2019-04-30.
  17. ^ Einar P.V. Wilder-Smith; Adeline Chow (2003). "Water-immersion wrinkeling is due to vasoconstriction". Muscle & Nerve. 27 (3): 307–311. doi:10.1002/mus.10323. PMID 12635117. S2CID 45193684.
  18. ^ Einar P. V. Wilder-Smith (2004). "Water immersion wrinkling". Clinical Autonomic Research. 14 (2): 125–131. doi:10.1007/s10286-004-0172-4. PMID 15095056. S2CID 44938772.
  19. ^ H. Zhai, K.P. Whilem H. L. Maibach (2007). Dermatotoxicology. pp. 280–281.
  20. ^ G Alvarez, J Eurolo; P Canales (1980). "Finger wrinkling after immersion in water". British Medical Journal. 281 (6240): 586–587. doi:10.1136/bmj.281.6240.586-a. PMC 1713922. PMID 7427379.
  21. ^ The Dog Encyclopedia: The Definitive Visual Guide. Penguin. 15 August 2023. p. 84. ISBN 978-0-7440-8513-6.
  22. ^ Stefanaki C, Stratigos A, Katsambas A (June 2005). "Topical retinoids in the treatment of photoaging". J Cosmet Dermatol. 4 (2): 130–4. doi:10.1111/j.1473-2165.2005.40215.x. PMID 17166212. S2CID 44702740.
  23. ^ Brin MF, Lew MF, Adler CH, Comella CL, Factor SA, Jankovic J, O'Brien C, Murray JJ, Wallace JD, Willmer-Hulme A, Koller M (1999). "Safety and efficacy of NeuroBloc (botulinum toxin type B) in type A-resistant cervical dystonia". Neurology. 53 (7): 1431–8. doi:10.1212/WNL.53.7.1431. PMID 10534247.
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Cosmetic may refer to:

  • Cosmetics, or make-up, substances to enhance the beauty of the human body, apart from simple cleaning
  • Cosmetic, an adjective describing beauty, aesthetics, or appearance, especially concerning the human body
  • Cosmetic, a topical product that is not a drug
  • In-game cosmetics, video game virtual goods that generally offer no competitive advantage

See also

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Frequently Asked Questions

If you're unhappy or need adjustments after your treatment, they'll listen carefully to your concerns, offer solutions, and make necessary adjustments to ensure you're satisfied with the outcome. Your satisfaction is their top priority.

Yes, you'll find financing or payment plans available to make botox or fillers more affordable. These options help ensure the cost doesn't prevent you from getting the treatment you're looking for.

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