Botox Wrinkle Treatment New Westminster

Botox Wrinkle Treatment New Westminster

Botox for neck lines

We'll walk you through every step of the process, explaining the measures we take to ensure your safety and answering any questions you may have. Learn more about Botox Wrinkle Treatment New Westminster here Transparency is key to our safety approach. Learn more about Manhas Health Co. here. Our team of experts, known for their professionalism and personalized approach, ensures that every treatment plan is tailored to meet the unique needs and expectations of our clients. If you'd prefer a more personal touch, we're just a phone call away. At Manhas Health Co, we offer a wide range of Botox procedures tailored to meet individual needs and aesthetic goals.
Our team, comprised of highly skilled professionals, is the backbone of our success in providing top-notch Cosmetic Botox services. It's a powerful tool in our wellness services because it directly addresses the concerns many have about aging, without the need for extensive surgery or downtime. Our team is highly trained and experienced, ensuring every procedure is performed with the utmost care. To embark on your journey toward rejuvenation and self-confidence, start by scheduling a consultation with us at Manhas Health Co.
We use only the highest quality, FDA-approved Botox products and maintain a sterile environment to prevent any risk of infection. Our team is composed of highly skilled professionals who specialize in cosmetic treatments, ensuring you're in the safest hands. We understand that everyone's skin is unique, which is why we offer personalized consultations. We can't wait to welcome you and embark on this journey together.s the old saying goes, 'beauty is in the eye of the beholder,' but at Manhas Health Co., we believe that feeling good about oneself starts from within.

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We believe in providing value and exceptional service, making your experience as comfortable and satisfying as possible. Our team of professionals is trained in the latest techniques to ensure that each session is tailored to meet individual needs and expectations. Our practitioners aren't only highly skilled but also continually update their knowledge to incorporate the latest advancements in cosmetic treatments. Most clients report feeling only a slight pinch during the procedure, which typically takes just a few minutes depending on the areas being treated.

They motivate us to continue offering high-quality, transformative cosmetic Botox treatments to all our clients. We also suggest staying upright for four hours post-treatment and avoiding strenuous physical activities for a day. It's been a game-changer for my self-esteem.” It's feedback like this that drives us to continue offering expert cosmetic solutions tailored to each individual's needs. Let's work together to unveil a more radiant, confident you. Botox for youthful appearance

It's a quick, straightforward treatment that offers dramatic improvements in how we look and feel about ourselves. As we explore the treatment process and the importance of aftercare to secure lasting results, we invite you to join us in uncovering the potential benefits that await. New Westminster anti-wrinkle solutions During these consultations, we assess your facial structure, discuss your aesthetic goals, and explain the procedure in detail.

We've seen firsthand how these treatments can smooth out facial wrinkles, reduce lines around the eyes and forehead, and give a more rested, youthful appearance. Understanding how Botox works is crucial to setting realistic expectations. This ensures that our treatment plans aren't only effective but also safe for each individual.

Our team takes the time to explain the process, answer your questions, and provide aftercare advice to maintain your rejuvenated appearance. When you look in the mirror and love what you see, it changes how you carry yourself and interact with the world. We're also committed to making our treatments accessible.

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It is located on the banks of the Fraser River as it turns southwest towards its estuary, on the southwest side of the Burrard Peninsula, and roughly at the centre of the Greater Vancouver region.

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Burnaby Mountain Conservation Area

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Citations and other links

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Lastly, come to your session with a clean face-no makeup, please. Our team's meticulous approach ensures that each client's experience is tailored to their unique needs, prioritizing comfort and results. I'm getting compliments about my glow, and honestly, it feels amazing.'These testimonials highlight the transformative power of our Cosmetic Botox services. We've seen firsthand how this treatment can smooth out wrinkles, erase fine lines, and restore a youthful vibrancy that many of us start to miss as the years pass by. We've seen a growing interest in this procedure at Manhas Health Co., where our clients are increasingly eager to rejuvenate their appearance without undergoing invasive surgeries.

Browsing through the gallery, you'll notice the precision in our work, the natural-looking results, and the attention to detail that sets us apart. You'll start noticing the effects of Botox within a few days, with full results visible in about two weeks. Additionally, staying hydrated and applying any recommended creams or serums can aid in the recovery process.

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They're here not just to perform procedures, but to offer guidance, answer questions, and ensure you feel comfortable and informed every step of the way.

Having prepared for your Botox session, it's crucial to focus on the aftercare to ensure the best possible results.

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That's why we're thrilled to offer a solution that not only delivers remarkable results but also respects our clients' time. Choosing Manhas Health Co. means choosing a partner who's invested in your beauty and well-being. Personalized Botox treatments Botox for neck lines This ensures that we're always offering the most effective and safe treatments available. This means you can easily fit a session into your lunch break or between errands without a significant disruption to your day. Botox consultation tips When considering Botox at Manhas Health Co, you'll first undergo a comprehensive consultation to tailor the treatment to your specific needs and expectations.
Stick with us to uncover how our specialized procedures can rejuvenate your skin and boost your confidence, leaving you wondering why you hadn't considered this sooner. We're here to answer any questions you may have and to ensure your recovery is as smooth and swift as possible. Whether you're looking to soften the appearance of fine lines, reduce forehead wrinkles, or achieve a more refreshed look, we tailor each treatment to your specific desires and skin type. It's not just about looking younger; it's also about feeling better in your skin.

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We've come to appreciate the fine balance between embracing our inherent features and seeking professional assistance to refine them. Read more about Botox Wrinkle Treatment New Westminster here We know that everyone's skin tells a different story. At Manhas Health Co., we're committed to enhancing your beauty with the utmost care and professionalism. Trust us to help you look and feel your best, with the confidence that you're in the most capable hands.
John, another satisfied client, mentioned, 'The team at Manhas Health Co. made me feel comfortable from the start. Our expertise allows us to adjust the amount and specific injection sites to align with your natural beauty, ensuring results that look and feel authentic to you. We offer competitive pricing without compromising on quality or safety, making it easier for you to invest in yourself. These lines fan out from the corners of your eyes and become more pronounced with age.

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This relaxation of the muscles leads to a reduction in the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

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Botox's versatility shines through in its application across various facial areas, directly targeting the muscles responsible for wrinkles and fine lines. Lastly, we pride ourselves on our exceptional customer service. The cost of cosmetic Botox varies, depending on the areas treated and the amount of Botox used. The procedure itself is quick, often completed within minutes, and requires no downtime, making it an ideal choice for our busy clients.

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We're here to guide you through understanding the full spectrum of benefits that cosmetic Botox offers, including our competitive cost and flexible payment options. Once we've established a treatment plan tailored just for you, we'll schedule your first session.

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We're committed to ensuring your experience is comfortable and your results are satisfying.

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This means we're not just focused on reducing wrinkles; we're dedicated to enhancing your confidence and quality of life.

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We've equipped our clinic with the latest technology to ensure every procedure is performed with the highest standards of precision and care. At Manhas Health Co., we've seen firsthand how Botox can significantly reduce the appearance of wrinkles, offering a more youthful look that our clients love. We're here to guide you through every step, from the initial consultation to the post-treatment care, making adjustments as necessary to ensure your complete satisfaction. At Manhas Health Co., we're committed to providing answers and personalized care, ensuring that each client's journey towards a fresher facade is both informed and comfortable.

Staying hydrated and maintaining a healthy skin care routine leading up to your appointment can also enhance your results. We're here to help you look and feel your best, with a team that's second to none. At Manhas Health Co., we believe in providing value that goes beyond the treatment room. It's not just about looking younger; it's about feeling more confident in your skin.

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We've discovered that by understanding how Botox works, our clients can make informed decisions about their beauty treatments. Applying a broad-spectrum sunscreen daily protects our skin from UV damage, which can diminish the results of our Botox treatment. This holistic view allows us to recommend the most effective, safe, and suitable Botox treatments. We've streamlined the process to ensure it's as straightforward and comfortable as possible.

At our clinic, we believe that enhancing your natural beauty starts with personalized Botox treatments designed to complement your unique features. Cosmetic injections First off, we avoid touching or massaging the treated areas for at least 24 hours. Our team continually evaluates the latest techniques and products to ensure that your personalized plan is as effective and safe as possible.

Instead, we listen carefully to your concerns and desires, ensuring that the plan we develop is tailored just for you.

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Our experienced professionals use the latest techniques to deliver precise and natural-looking results, minimizing discomfort and downtime. Recognizing the delicate nature of the eye area, we've adopted techniques that minimize discomfort while maximizing results.

We've handpicked our professionals for their expertise, but also for their approachability and understanding. Results aren't instant but develop over the following week, with the full effect visible in about two weeks.

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We understand the allure of turning back the clock on aging and the importance of doing so with precision and care.

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Botox, a highly popular cosmetic treatment, offers numerous benefits ranging from reducing wrinkles to alleviating certain medical conditions.

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This diversity ensures that everyone can find a story they relate to, making the decision to proceed with Botox treatments a bit easier. Just select the service you're interested in, choose a time that fits your schedule, and you're all set. Choosing Manhas Health Co. means opting for a tailored approach to beauty, where each consultation is meticulously designed to align with personal aspirations and safety considerations. These results last between 3 to 6 months, after which many of our clients opt for a touch-up to maintain their youthful appearance.
Moreover, Botox isn't just for cosmetic enhancements.

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Lastly, questions about the longevity and maintenance of Botox results are common. We'll work with you to create a maintenance plan that suits your lifestyle and keeps you looking your best. That's why we don't believe in a one-size-fits-all approach.
Booking with us is a breeze, and we've streamlined the process to ensure it's convenient for you. You can book your appointment directly through our website, where you'll find a convenient booking form. These treatments provide a dual benefit: improving quality of life while addressing specific health issues. We've seen how it can also offer relief from medical conditions like chronic migraines, excessive sweating, and muscle spasms.

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We're committed to ensuring that your experience is as comfortable and satisfying as possible. One client shared, 'Before Botox, I constantly looked tired, no matter how rested I was. It blocks the nerve signals to the muscles where it's injected, preventing them from contracting, which in turn reduces the appearance of wrinkles. When considering Botox treatments, it's crucial to understand their safety profile and effectiveness, ensuring you're making a well-informed decision. Facial rejuvenation

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Facials may include the use of a facial mask.

A facial is a family of skin care treatments for the face, including steam, exfoliation (physical and chemical), extraction, creams, lotions, facial masks, peels, and massage. They are normally performed in beauty salons, but are also a common spa treatment. They are used for general skin health as well as for specific skin conditions. Types of facials include European facial,[1] LED light therapy facials, hydrafacials and mini-facials.

Facial mask

[edit]

There are different kinds of masks (e.g., clay, cactus, cucumber) for different purposes: deep-cleansing, by penetrating the pores; healing acne scars or hyper-pigmentation; brightening, for a gradual illumination of the skin tone. Facial masks also help with anti-aging, acne, crows feet, under eye bags, sagging lids, dark circles, puffiness,[2] and more. Some masks are designed to dry or solidify on the face, almost like plaster; others just remain wet. The green face mask is very essential and benefited.

Masks are removed by either rinsing the face with water, wiping off with a damp cloth, or peeling off of the face. Duration for wearing a mask varies with the type of mask, and manufacturer's usage instructions. The time can range from a few minutes to overnight. Those with sensitive skin are advised to first test out the mask on a small portion of the skin, in order to check for any irritations. Some facial masks are not suited to frequent use. A glycolic mask should not be used more frequently than once a month to avoid the risk of burning the skin.

Masks can be found anywhere from drugstores to department stores and can vary in consistency and form. Setting masks include: clay, which is a thicker consistency, and will draw out impurities (and sometimes, natural oils, too) from the pores; a cream, which stays damp to hydrate the skin; sheet-style, in which a paper mask is dampened with liquid to tone and moisturize the skin; and lastly, a hybrid/clay and cream form that includes small beads for removing dead surface skin cells. Non-setting facial masks include warm oil and paraffin wax masks. These different forms are made to suit different skin types (e.g., oily or dry), and different skincare goals or needs (e.g., moisturizing, cleansing, exfoliating). Clay and mud masks suit oily and some "combination" skin types,[3] while cream-based masks tend to suit dry and sensitive skin types. There are also peel-off masks which are used to remove thin layers of dead skin cells and dirt.[4]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Eastern European Beauty Secrets and Skin Care Techniques. Dorrance Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4349-7452-5.
  2. ^ Bioelements. "Do I need a facial? 32 reasons you absolutely need one". Bioelements. Archived from the original on 2021-05-16. Retrieved 2021-05-16.
  3. ^ Remedios, Faye (2022-07-01). "The do's and don'ts of mud masks, and why it will be your newest skin obsession". Vogue India. Retrieved 2023-01-31.
  4. ^ "What type of face mask is best for my skin type? | Paula's Choice". www.paulaschoice-eu.com. Retrieved 2021-05-16.

In general, a filler is something that is used to fill gaps. Specialized meanings include:

Materials

[edit]
  • Filler (animal food), dietary fiber and other ingredients added to pet foods to provide bulk
  • Filler (materials), particles added to a matrix material, usually to improve its properties
  • Filler (packaging), a machine designed to fill packaging, usually occurs in food packaging
  • Filler metal, metal added in the making of a joint through welding, brazing, or soldering
  • Grain filler, a product that is used to achieve a smooth-textured wood finish
  • Injectable filler, a soft tissue filler injected into the skin to help fill in facial wrinkles
  • Star filler, a plastic insert in computer cables which separates wires

Media and entertainment

[edit]
  • Filler (media), in television and other media, material that exists outside the story arc to pad out other material
  • "Filler", song by hardcore punk band Minor Threat, from their debut E.P.

Other uses

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Wrinkles on the face and hands are a typical sign of aging

A wrinkle, also known as a rhytid, is a fold, ridge or crease in an otherwise smooth surface, such as on skin or fabric. Skin wrinkles typically appear as a result of ageing processes such as glycation,[1] habitual sleeping positions,[2] loss of body mass, sun damage,[3] or temporarily, as the result of prolonged immersion in water. Age wrinkling in the skin is promoted by habitual facial expressions, aging, sun damage, smoking, poor hydration, and various other factors.[4] In humans, it can also be prevented to some degree by avoiding excessive solar exposure and through diet (in particular through consumption of carotenoids, tocopherols and flavonoids, vitamins (A, C, D and E), essential omega-3-fatty acids, certain proteins and lactobacilli).[5]

Skin

[edit]

Causes for aging wrinkles

[edit]
A woman of European origin with facial wrinkles

Development of facial wrinkles is a kind of fibrosis of the skin. Misrepair-accumulation aging theory suggests that wrinkles develop from incorrect repairs of injured elastic fibers and collagen fibers.[6][7][8] Repeated extensions and compressions of the skin cause repeated injuries of extracellular fibers in derma. During the repairing process, some of the broken elastic fibers and collagen fibers are not regenerated and restored but replaced by altered fibers. When an elastic fiber is broken in an extended state, it may be replaced by a "long" collagen fiber. Accumulation of "long" collagen fibers makes part of the skin looser and stiffer, and as a consequence, a big fold of skin appears. When a "long" collagen is broken in a compressed state, it may be replaced by a "short" collagen fiber. The "shorter" collagen fibers will restrict the extension of "longer" fibers, and make the “long" fibers in a folding state permanently. A small fold, namely a permanent wrinkle, then appears.

Sleep wrinkles

[edit]

Sleep wrinkles are created and reinforced when the face is compressed against a pillow or bed surface in side or stomach sleeping positions during sleep.[9] They appear in predictable locations due to the underlying superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS), and are usually distinct from wrinkles of facial expression.[10] As with wrinkles of facial expression, sleep wrinkles can deepen and become permanent over time, unless the habitual sleeping positions which cause the wrinkles are altered.[11]

Water-immersion wrinkling

[edit]
A wrinkled finger after a warm bath

The wrinkles that occur in skin over prolonged exposure to water are sometimes referred to as pruney fingers or water aging. This is a temporary skin condition where the skin on the palms of the hand or feet becomes wrinkly. This wrinkling response may have imparted an evolutionary benefit by providing improved traction in wet conditions,[12] and a better grasp of wet objects.[13] These results were called into question by a 2014 study that failed to reproduce any improvement of handling wet objects with wrinkled fingertips.[14] However, a 2020 study of gripping efficiency found that wrinkles decreased the force required to grip wet objects by 20%, supporting the traction hypothesis.[15]

Prior to a 1935 study, the common explanation was based on water absorption in the keratin-laden epithelial skin when immersed in water,[16] causing the skin to expand and resulting in a larger surface area, forcing it to wrinkle. Usually the tips of the fingers and toes are the first to wrinkle because of a thicker layer of keratin and an absence of hairs which secrete the protective oil called sebum.

Adult sole showing water immersion wrinkling

In the 1935 study, however, Lewis and Pickering were studying patients with palsy of the median nerve when they discovered that skin wrinkling did not occur in the areas of the patients' skin normally innervated by the damaged nerve. This suggested that the nervous system plays an essential role in wrinkling, so the phenomenon could not be entirely explained simply by water absorption. Recent research shows that wrinkling is related to vasoconstriction.[17][18] Water probably initiates the wrinkling process by altering the balance of electrolytes in the skin as it diffuses into the hands and soles via their many sweat ducts. This could alter the stability of the membranes of the many neurons that synapse on the many blood vessels underneath skin, causing them to fire more rapidly. Increased neuronal firing causes blood vessels to constrict, decreasing the amount of fluid underneath the skin. This decrease in fluid would cause a decrease in tension, causing the skin to become wrinkly.[19]

This insight resulted in bedside tests for nerve damage and vasoconstriction. Wrinkling is often scored with immersion of the hands for 30 minutes in water or EMLA cream with measurements steps of 5 minutes, and counting the number of visible wrinkles in time. Not all healthy persons have finger wrinkling after immersion, so it would be safe to say that sympathetic function is preserved if finger wrinkling after immersion in water is observed, but if the fingers emerge smooth it cannot be assumed that there is a lesion to the autonomic supply or to the peripheral nerves of the hand.[20]

Other animals with wrinkles

[edit]

Examples of wrinkles can be found in various animal species that grow loose, excess skin, particularly when they are young. Several breeds of dog, such as the Pug and the Shar Pei, have been bred to exaggerate this trait. In dogs bred for fighting, this is the result of selection for loose skin, which confers a protective advantage.[21]

Techniques for reducing the appearance of aging wrinkles

[edit]
A man receiving a botox injection

Current evidence suggests that tretinoin decreases cohesiveness of follicular epithelial cells, although the exact mode of action is unknown. Additionally, tretinoin stimulates mitotic activity and increased turnover of follicular epithelial cells.[22] Tretinoin is better known by the brand name Retin-A.

Topical glycosaminoglycans supplements can help to provide temporary restoration of enzyme balance to slow or prevent matrix breakdown and consequent onset of wrinkle formation. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are produced by the body to maintain structural integrity in tissues and to maintain fluid balance. Hyaluronic acid is a type of GAG that promotes collagen synthesis, repair, and hydration. GAGs serve as a natural moisturizer and lubricant between epidermal cells to inhibit the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).

Dermal fillers are injectable products frequently used to correct wrinkles, and other depressions in the skin. They are often a kind of soft tissue designed to enable injection into the skin for purposes of improving the appearance. The most common products are based on hyaluronic acid and calcium hydroxylapatite.

Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Botox is a specific form of botulinum toxin manufactured by Allergan for both therapeutic and cosmetic use. Besides its cosmetic application, Botox is used in the treatment of other conditions including migraine headache and cervical dystonia (spasmodic torticollis) (a neuromuscular disorder involving the head and neck).[23]

Dysport, manufactured by Ipsen, received FDA approval and is now used to treat cervical dystonia as well as glabellar lines in adults. In 2010, another form of botulinum toxin, one free of complexing proteins, became available to Americans. Xeomin received FDA approval for medical indications in 2010 and cosmetic indications in 2011.

Botulinum toxin treats wrinkles by immobilizing the muscles which cause wrinkles. It is not appropriate for the treatment of all wrinkles; it is indicated for the treatment of glabellar lines (between the eyebrows) in adults. Any other usage is not approved by the FDA and is considered off-label use.

Laser resurfacing is FDA-cleared skin resurfacing procedure in which lasers are used to improve the condition of the skin.[citation needed] Two types of lasers are used to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles on the face; laser ablation, which removes thin layers of skin, and nonablative lasers that stimulate collagen production. Nonablative lasers are less effective than ablative ones but they are less invasive and recovery time is short. After the procedure people experience temporary redness, itching and swelling.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Danby, FW (Jul–Aug 2010). "Nutrition and aging skin: sugar and glycation". Clin Dermatol. 4. 28 (4): 409–411. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.03.018. PMID 20620757.
  2. ^ American Academy of Dermatology. "Causes of Aging". AgingSkinNet. American Academy of Dermatology. Retrieved 5 March 2013.
  3. ^ Cosmetic Procedures for Wrinkles
  4. ^ Anderson, Laurence. 2006. Looking Good, the Australian guide to skin care, cosmetic medicine and cosmetic surgery. AMPCo. Sydney. ISBN 0-85557-044-X.
  5. ^ Schagen, S. K.; Zampeli, V. A.; Makrantonaki, E.; Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). "Discovering the link between nutrition and skin aging". Dermato-Endocrinology. 4 (3): 298–307. doi:10.4161/derm.22876. PMC 3583891. PMID 23467449.
  6. ^ Wang, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas; Wunderlin, Arne; Mahadeva, Ravi (2009). "Aging as a consequence of Misrepair—a novel theory of aging". arXiv:0904.0575 [q-bio.TO].
  7. ^ Wang-Michelitsch, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas (2015). "Aging as a process of accumulation of Misrepairs". arXiv:1503.07163 [q-bio.TO].
  8. ^ Wang-Michelitsch, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas (2015). "Tissue fibrosis: a principal evidence for the central role of Misrepairs in aging". arXiv:1505.01376 [q-bio.TO].
  9. ^ Sarifakioglu, Nedim; Terzioglu, A.; Ates, L.; Aslan, G. (2004). "A New Phenomenon: 'Sleep Lines' on the Face". Scan J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 38 (4): 244–247. doi:10.1080/02844310410027257. PMID 15370809. S2CID 25307487.
  10. ^ Fulton, James E.; Gaminchi, F. (1999). "Sleep Lines". Dermatol Surg. 25 (1): 59–62. doi:10.1046/j.1524-4725.1999.08073.x. PMID 9935097.
  11. ^ Sarifakioglu, Nedim; Terzioglu, A.; Ates, L.; Aslan, G. (2004). "A New Phenomenon: 'Sleep Lines' on the Face". Scan J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 38 (4): 244–247 [246]. doi:10.1080/02844310410027257. PMID 15370809. S2CID 25307487.
  12. ^ Mark Changizi; Romann Weber; Ritesh Kotecha; Joseph Palazzo (2011). "Are Wet-Induced Wrinkled Fingers Primate Rain Treads?". Brain, Behavior and Evolution. 77 (4): 286–90. doi:10.1159/000328223. PMID 21701145.
  13. ^ Kareklas, Kyriacos; Nettle, Daniel; Smulders, Tom V (January 9, 2013). "Water-induced finger wrinkles improve handling of wet objects". Biol. Lett. 9 (2): 20120999. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2012.0999. PMC 3639753. PMID 23302867.
  14. ^ Haseleu, Julia; Omerbašić, Damir; Frenzel, Henning; Gross, Manfred; Lewin, Gary R. (2014). Goldreich, Daniel (ed.). "Water-Induced Finger Wrinkles Do Not Affect Touch Acuity or Dexterity in Handling Wet Objects". PLOS ONE. 9 (1): e84949. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...984949H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084949. PMC 3885627. PMID 24416318.
  15. ^ Davis, N. (8 November 2020). "Water-immersion finger-wrinkling improves grip efficiency in handling wet objects". bioRxiv 10.1101/2020.11.07.372631.
  16. ^ "Dr Karl's Homework – Skin Wrinkles in Water (26/1/2000)". Abc.net.au. 2000-01-26. Retrieved 2019-04-30.
  17. ^ Einar P.V. Wilder-Smith; Adeline Chow (2003). "Water-immersion wrinkeling is due to vasoconstriction". Muscle & Nerve. 27 (3): 307–311. doi:10.1002/mus.10323. PMID 12635117. S2CID 45193684.
  18. ^ Einar P. V. Wilder-Smith (2004). "Water immersion wrinkling". Clinical Autonomic Research. 14 (2): 125–131. doi:10.1007/s10286-004-0172-4. PMID 15095056. S2CID 44938772.
  19. ^ H. Zhai, K.P. Whilem H. L. Maibach (2007). Dermatotoxicology. pp. 280–281.
  20. ^ G Alvarez, J Eurolo; P Canales (1980). "Finger wrinkling after immersion in water". British Medical Journal. 281 (6240): 586–587. doi:10.1136/bmj.281.6240.586-a. PMC 1713922. PMID 7427379.
  21. ^ The Dog Encyclopedia: The Definitive Visual Guide. Penguin. 15 August 2023. p. 84. ISBN 978-0-7440-8513-6.
  22. ^ Stefanaki C, Stratigos A, Katsambas A (June 2005). "Topical retinoids in the treatment of photoaging". J Cosmet Dermatol. 4 (2): 130–4. doi:10.1111/j.1473-2165.2005.40215.x. PMID 17166212. S2CID 44702740.
  23. ^ Brin MF, Lew MF, Adler CH, Comella CL, Factor SA, Jankovic J, O'Brien C, Murray JJ, Wallace JD, Willmer-Hulme A, Koller M (1999). "Safety and efficacy of NeuroBloc (botulinum toxin type B) in type A-resistant cervical dystonia". Neurology. 53 (7): 1431–8. doi:10.1212/WNL.53.7.1431. PMID 10534247.
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