Non-Surgical Botox Treatments New Westminster

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Ready to see the difference? It's designed for those frustrating areas that don't seem to respond to diet and exercise alone. Learn more about New Westminster Botox Clinic here. Those with certain medical conditions affecting the skin or immune system may need to explore other options. You're essentially using a component of your blood to tell your body it's time to repair and improve, making PRP a remarkably natural approach to anti-aging and restoration. We're dedicated to guiding you through your aesthetic journey with compassion, expertise, and unwavering support, ensuring your experience with us not only meets but exceeds your expectations. Learn more about Non-Surgical Botox Treatments New Westminster here
We understand that beauty isn't one-size-fits-all, and that's why we're dedicated to creating a treatment plan that's as unique as you are. Botox aesthetics New Westminster At Manhas Health Co, we're not just about temporary fixes. You'll find each visit to be comfortable and relaxing, with most treatments requiring no downtime. This isn't your average workout.
They offer thorough consultations to discuss your concerns and desired outcomes, ensuring you're well-informed and comfortable every step of the way. You'll feel a warm sensation as the device glides over your skin, but it's generally painless, thanks to the precise temperature control. We'll explore the intricacies behind Evolve-X, how it compares to traditional methods, and why it could be the personalized approach you've been searching for. Moreover, these peels promote collagen production, a key protein in your skin that decreases as you age.
Stick to a simple skincare routine that focuses on hydration and protection. Our state-of-the-art laser technology is designed to suit various skin types and tones, ensuring personalized care for every client. By doing so, Manhas Health Co. Botox price not only contributes to the community's physical health but also its economic and social fabric, making Non-Surgical Botox Treatments New Westminster a better place for everyone. Facial rejuvenation These products are less harsh and help retain the natural moisture of your scalp and hair, promoting a healthier growth environment.

The beauty of PRP therapy is that it's minimally invasive, involves minimal downtime, and uses your body's natural elements to stimulate hair growth. And then there's Alex, who turned to us for body contouring. Join us at Manhas Health Co and discover the perfect blend of luxury, innovation, and personalized care. The beauty of Evolve-X lies in its versatility. Botox injections for wrinkles

This innovative technique uses focused light beams to treat various skin concerns, such as wrinkles, scars, and hyperpigmentation, ensuring you get the most precise and effective results.

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With the latest technological advancements at their fingertips, they're setting new benchmarks in personalized body contouring. You'll receive an email confirmation with all the details of your appointment, including tips on how to prepare for your session.

Stepping through our doors, you're not just another client; you're part of a community dedicated to enhancing your natural beauty and promoting your overall well-being. This might involve cleaning the area and applying a topical anesthetic to minimize any discomfort. Advanced Forma harnesses cutting-edge technology to redefine facial contours, delivering a noticeably rejuvenated appearance.

The success stories from Manhas Health Co. don't just stop at individual experiences. You'll find a range of options, from non-invasive facials that rejuvenate the skin to more intensive procedures like microneedling and PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma) therapy, which promote collagen production and cell turnover. Then there's James, whose thinning hairline had him wearing hats indoors.

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Entity Name Description Source
Botulinum toxin Description for Botulinum toxin Source
Skeletal muscle Description for Skeletal muscle Source
Eyelid Description for Eyelid Source
Eye drop Description for Eye drop Source
Injectable filler Description for Injectable filler Source
Marionette lines Description for Marionette lines Source
Lip Description for Lip Source
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Mohs surgery Description for Mohs surgery Source
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Melanocytic nevus Description for Melanocytic nevus Source
Collagen induction therapy Description for Collagen induction therapy Source
Platelet-rich plasma Description for Platelet-rich plasma Source
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Skin care Description for Skin care Source
New Westminster Description for New Westminster Source
British Columbia Description for British Columbia Source
Rhinoplasty Description for Rhinoplasty Source
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New Westminster Aesthetic Clinic

The area now known as New Westminster was originally inhabited by Kwantlen First Nation The discovery of gold in BC and the arrival of gold seekers from the south prompted fear amongst the settlers that Americans may invade to take over this land.

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Nearby Tourist Attractions

Como Lake Park

Tourist attraction, Park
Como Lake Park, 700 Gatensbury St, Coquitlam, BC V3J 5G8
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West Village Park

Whalley
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Citations and other links

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We're all about flexibility and convenience, so pick a time that works best for you. Booking your appointment at Manhas Health Co. means taking the first step towards freeing yourself from the constant cycle of hair removal. It's a holistic approach to beauty, enhancing your natural features without the need for surgical interventions. At Manhas Health Co., your journey to confidence is paved with safety and comfort at every step. Moreover, Manhas Health Co. doesn't stop at treatments.

This is your time to ask questions and express any reservations. Botox for lip enhancement In essence, vaginal rejuvenation at Manhas Health Co. isn't just about aesthetics; it's about enhancing your quality of life across multiple dimensions, offering a blend of physical and psychological benefits that support a happier, more confident you. Our advanced equipment and software allow us to provide precise, targeted treatments that enhance your natural beauty and promote well-being. With their expert team, cutting-edge technology, and personalized care, you're in good hands.

We believe in fostering long-term relationships with our clients, guiding you through your aesthetic journey with empathy and expertise. It's rare, but there's also a slight risk of burns if the device isn't used correctly. You'll find the 'Book Now' button prominently displayed on the homepage. Our follow-up appointments are meticulously scheduled to monitor your progress and make any necessary adjustments.

It's designed to work wonders on your skin, leveraging radiofrequency energy to stimulate collagen production deep within the skin layers. For an IPL photo facial, expect a bright flash with each pulse, accompanied by a mild warmth or tingling sensation.

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Before your IPL photo facial or laser hair removal session at Manhas Health Co, there are a few key steps you should follow to ensure the best possible outcome. Lastly, discuss any medications you're taking with your provider ahead of time.

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Your journey with us is a partnership, and we're dedicated to ensuring you feel supported, cared for, and satisfied throughout. Discussing your skin type and any concerns with your practitioner beforehand can minimize risks. From facial rejuvenation to body contouring, our state-of-the-art treatments are tailored to meet your individual needs, ensuring you get the results you're looking for with minimal downtime. For optimal results, a series of treatments is recommended, tailored specifically to your skin's needs and your aesthetic goals.

While fillers offer a remarkable avenue for cosmetic enhancement, exploring other advanced treatments at Manhas Health Co can further elevate your journey to achieving your aesthetic goals. John, whose partner underwent the procedure, notes a significant improvement in their relationship's intimacy, underscoring the emotional and relational impact of vaginal rejuvenation. Botox skin care You'll find yourself moving with more confidence, liberated from the insecurities that once held you back.

Also, try to avoid wearing makeup to your consultation, especially if you're coming in for facial treatments.

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Your story could be next. In the quest for flawless skin, celebrities like Jennifer Aniston swear by treatments such as dermaplaning and chemical peels, a trend that's easily accessible at Manhas Health Co.

Next, show off your revitalized complexion. With each session, you'll see a gradual improvement, leading to a brighter, more even-toned, and younger-looking complexion. Botox service reviews New Westminster First things first, you'll want to book your consultation through our easy-to-use online platform or by giving us a call.

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You'll lie back as the Evolve-X device is applied to your target areas, where it works to destroy fat cells, tighten skin, and build muscle. Dive into our new lineup featuring cutting-edge therapies like laser skin resurfacing, micro-needling with PRP (platelet-rich plasma), and advanced chemical peels. Moving beyond body sculpting, we're excited to introduce our latest anti-aging innovations designed to rejuvenate your skin and restore its youthful radiance. This personalized approach ensures the treatment is tailored to your specific needs.

These are tailored to address more significant concerns, such as severe laxity or structural issues, with precision and care. For body contouring, we've got you covered with cryolipolysis and ultrasound cavitation. With Manhas Health Co., you're not just getting a treatment; you're investing in a healthier, more confident you.

At Manhas Health Co., we're not just keeping up with the latest trends; we're setting them. Botox clinic near New Westminster You'll find that their approach isn't just about enhancing your appearance; it's about empowering you to feel your best from the inside out.

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However, you might notice some redness, which should subside within a few hours.

We don't just stop at treating the problem areas. This ability to customize your treatment plan isn't something you'll easily find elsewhere.

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PRP hair restoration, on the other hand, is well-tolerated, with the primary concern being the injection site.

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With years of experience in the aesthetic field, our team understands that every individual's body and goals are unique. We then use this information to create a tailored regimen that includes cutting-edge products and innovative treatments, ensuring that you're getting exactly what your skin needs to thrive. This platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is then injected directly into your scalp where it's needed most. Based on this conversation, we'll craft a bespoke treatment plan that's just right for you. If you're seeking a way to rejuvenate your appearance, these innovative treatments offer a blend of cutting-edge technology and natural healing processes to restore your youthful glow and revive thinning hair.

They've also launched a scholarship program for aspiring students in the health and beauty industry, demonstrating their investment in the future of their field and the community. However, it's crucial to consult with a professional first, especially if you have sensitive skin or specific concerns like active acne or rosacea. Dive into our Before and After Gallery to see the transformations for yourself. Embarking on your Evolve-X journey marks the start of a transformative experience in body sculpting.

Results vary, but many see signs of new hair growth within a few months, with improvements continuing over time. The expert will assess your body type, discuss your aesthetic aspirations, and explain how Evolve-X's cutting-edge technology can help achieve them. First, head over to the Manhas Health Co. website. The treatment's ability to restore moisture and elasticity means you can say goodbye to these bothersome symptoms, enjoying a more comfortable day-to-day life. Botox expert

So, let's explore how these treatments could be your pathway to achieving the radiant skin you've always wanted, while also considering what to expect along the way. Exploring the myriad benefits of face sculpting, you'll immediately notice a more youthful, radiant complexion that defies age. Their community outreach doesn't stop there. We use cutting-edge techniques combined with high-quality, natural products to cleanse, exfoliate, and hydrate your skin, leaving it feeling refreshed and revitalized.



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Imagine achieving that toned look you've always wanted without the scars, pain, or recovery time associated with traditional body sculpting methods. Rounding out the team is Mark Chen, a master in medical aesthetics. If you must go outside, apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30 to protect your skin from harmful UV rays. Let Manhas Health Co.

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be your partner in rediscovering the joy of self-confidence.
Most people can return to their daily activities immediately, making it a convenient option for those with busy lifestyles. Learn more about Non-Surgical Botox Treatments New Westminster here This is because face sculpting promotes collagen production, the protein responsible for keeping your skin elastic and firm. In a world where first impressions can open doors, yet true beauty lies beneath the surface, Manhas Health Co. Wrinkle reduction stands as your trusted ally in navigating the delicate balance between enhancing your physical appearance and nurturing your intrinsic self-worth.
With our state-of-the-art facilities and revolutionary services, we're dedicated to your transformation. Read more about Non-Surgical Botox Treatments New Westminster here Morpheus 8 Resurfacing revolutionizes skin rejuvenation by deeply remodeling your skin's underlying structures to restore a more youthful appearance. If you experience any redness or swelling, a cool compress can provide relief.
This plan isn't just a one-size-fits-all approach; it's customized to your body's specific requirements, ensuring you get the best possible results. Book your appointment today and step into a world where age is truly just a number. A good specialist will ensure you have a realistic understanding of what the treatments can achieve.

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Military Policlinic in Legionowo, Poland

A clinic (or outpatient clinic or ambulatory care clinic) is a health facility that is primarily focused on the care of outpatients. Clinics can be privately operated or publicly managed and funded. They typically cover the primary care needs of populations in local communities, in contrast to larger hospitals which offer more specialized treatments and admit inpatients for overnight stays.

Most commonly, the English word clinic refers to a general practice, run by one or more general practitioners offering small therapeutic treatments, but it can also mean a specialist clinic. Some clinics retain the name "clinic" even while growing into institutions as large as major hospitals or becoming associated with a hospital or medical school.

Etymology

[edit]
The entrance to a surgery clinic in Greenwich, London

The word clinic derives from Ancient Greek κλίνειν klinein meaning to slope, lean or recline. Hence κλίνη klinē is a couch or bed and κλινικός klinikos is a physician who visits his patients in their beds.[1] In Latin, this became clīnicus.[2][3]

An early use of the word clinic was "one who receives baptism on a sick bed".[4]

Overview

[edit]
A medpunkt (health care access point) delivers primary health care to the residents of the village of Veliki Vrag, Russia.

Clinics are often associated with a general medical practice run by one or several general practitioners. Other types of clinics are run by the type of specialist associated with that type: physical therapy clinics by physiotherapists and psychology clinics by clinical psychologists, and so on for each health profession. (This can even hold true for certain services outside the medical field: for example, legal clinics are run by lawyers.)

Some clinics are operated in-house by employers, government organizations, or hospitals, and some clinical services are outsourced to private corporations which specialize in providing health services. In China, for example, owners of such clinics do not have formal medical education. There were 659,596 village clinics in China in 2011.[5]

Health care in India, China, Russia and Africa is provided to those regions' vast rural areas by mobile health clinics or roadside dispensaries, some of which integrate traditional medicine. In India these traditional clinics provide ayurvedic medicine and unani herbal medical practice. In each of these countries, traditional medicine tends to be a hereditary practice.

Function

[edit]
Policlinic in Karl-Marx-Stadt, German Democratic Republic

The function of clinics differs from country to country. For instance, a local general practice run by a single general practitioner provides primary health care and is usually run as a for-profit business by the owner, whereas a government-run specialist clinic may provide subsidized or specialized[dubiousdiscuss] health care.

Some clinics serve as a place for people with injuries or illnesses to be seen by a triage nurse or other health worker. In these clinics, the injury or illness may not be serious enough to require a visit to an emergency room (ER), but the person can be transferred to one if needed.

Treatment at these clinics is often less expensive than it would be at a casualty department. Also, unlike an ER these clinics are often not open on a 24/7/365 basis. They sometimes have access to diagnostic equipment such as X-ray machines, especially if the clinic is part of a larger facility. Doctors at such clinics can often refer patients to specialists if the need arises.[6]

Large outpatient clinics

[edit]
Children Policlinic in Novokosino District of Moscow

Large outpatient clinics vary in size, but can be as large as hospitals.

Function

[edit]

Typical large outpatient clinics house general medical practitioners (GPs) such as doctors and nurses to provide ambulatory care and some acute care services but lack the major surgical and pre- and post-operative care facilities commonly associated with hospitals.

Policlinic in Vilnius-Karoliniškės, Lithuania

Besides GPs, if a clinic is a polyclinic, it can house outpatient departments of some medical specialties, such as gynecology, dermatology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, neurology, pulmonology, cardiology, and endocrinology. In some university cities, polyclinics contain outpatient departments for the entire teaching hospital in one building.

Internationally

[edit]
Policlinic in Písek, Czech Republic

Large outpatient clinics are a common type of healthcare facility in many countries, including France, Germany (long tradition), Switzerland, and most of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (often using a mixed Soviet-German model), as well as in former Soviet republics such as Russia and Ukraine;[7] and in many countries across Asia and Africa.[8]

In Europe, especially in the Central and Eastern Europe, bigger outpatient health centers, commonly in cities and towns, are called policlinics (derived from the word polis, not from poly-).

Recent[when?] Russian governments have attempted to replace the policlinic model introduced during Soviet times with a more western model. However, this has failed.[9]

In the Czech Republic, many policlinics were privatized or leasehold and decentralized in the post-communist era: some of them are just lessors and coordinators of a healthcare provided by private doctor's offices in the policlinic building.[10]

India has also set up huge numbers of polyclinics for former defense personnel. The network envisages 426 polyclinics in 343 districts of the country which will benefit about 33 lakh (3.3 million) ex-servicemen residing in remote and far-flung areas.[11]

Policlinics are also the backbone of Cuba's primary care system and have been credited with a role in improving that nation's health indicators.[12]

Mobile clinics

[edit]
Hinduja National Hospital's mobile clinic
A mobile health clinic operated from a truck

Providing health services through mobile clinics provides accessible healthcare services to these remote areas that have yet to make their way in the politicized space. For example, mobile clinics have proved helpful in dealing with new settlement patterns in Costa Rica. Before foreign aid organizations or the state government became involved in healthcare, Costa Rica's people managed their own health maintenance and protection.[13] People relied on various socio-cultural adaptations and remedies to prevent illnesses, such as personal hygiene and settlement patterns.[13] When new settlements that sprang up along the coast became "artificial" communities, and due to lack of traditional home healing practices here, alternative methods such as mobile clinics had to be implemented in these communities for the protection and prevention of diseases.[13]

A study done in rural Namibia revealed the health changes of orphans, vulnerable children and non-vulnerable children (OVC) visiting a mobile clinic where health facilities are far from the remote villages.[14] Over 6 months, information on immunization status, diagnosis of anemia, skin and intestinal disorders, nutrition, dental disorders was collected and showed that visits to mobile clinics improved the overall health of children that visited regularly. It concluded that specified "planning of these programs in areas with similarly identified barriers may help correct the health disparities among Namibian OVC and could be a first step in improving child morbidity and mortality in difficult-to-reach rural areas."[14]

A mobile clinic run from a pickup truck in Yemen

Food supplementation in the context of routine mobile clinic visits also shows to have improved the nutritional status of children, and it needs further exploration as a way to reduce childhood malnutrition in resource-scarce areas. A cross-sectional study focussed on comparing acute and chronic undernutrition rates prior to and after a food-supplementation program as an adjunct to routine health care for children of migrant workers residing in rural communities in the Dominican Republic.[15] Rates of chronic undernutrition decreased from 33% to 18% after the initiation of the food-supplementation program and shows that the community members attending the mobile clinics are not just passively receiving the information but are incorporating it and helping keep their children nourished.[15]

Types

[edit]
Storefront clinic in Manhattan

There are many different types of clinics providing outpatient services. Such clinics may be public (government-funded) or private medical practices.

  • A CLSC are in Quebec; they are a type of free clinic funded by the provincial government; they provide service not covered by Canada's healthcare plan including social workers
  • In the United States, a free clinic provides free or low-cost healthcare for those with little or without insurance.
  • A retail-based clinic is housed in supermarkets and similar retail outlets providing walk-in health care, which may be staffed by nurse practitioners.
  • A general out-patient clinic offers general diagnoses or treatments without an overnight stay.
  • A polyclinic or policlinic provides a range of healthcare services (including diagnostics) without need of an overnight stay
  • A specialist clinic provides advanced diagnostic or treatment services for specific diseases or parts of the body. This type contrasts with general out-patient clinics.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ κλινικός in A Greek–English Lexicon. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  2. ^ clinicus in A Latin Dictionary. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  3. ^ Partridge, Eric. Origins: A short etymological dictionary of modern English. Book Club Associates, 1966.
  4. ^ Clinic, Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
  5. ^ "Statistical Communiqué on the 2011 National Economic and Social Development". stats.gov.cn. National Bureau of Statistics of China. 22 February 2012. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012. Retrieved 5 September 2012.
  6. ^ "Clinic search engine tools to find the right Clinic". 123 clinic. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  7. ^ NLH – Health Management – Policlinics. Retrieved 3 July 2008.[permanent dead link]
  8. ^ Google
  9. ^ Ershova I, Rider O, Gorelov V (December 2007). "Policlinics in London". Lancet. 370 (9603): 1890–1. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61793-0. PMID 18068500. S2CID 43512994.
  10. ^ David Rath: Trnitá cesta privatizace českého zdravotnictví, Hospodářské noviny, 10 September 1996
  11. ^ "199 Additional Polyclinics For Ex-Servicemen". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 26 May 2010.
  12. ^ Cuba's primary health care revolution: 30 years on, Bulletin of the World Health Organization
  13. ^ a b c Morgan, Lynn M. (February 1993). Community Participation in Health: The Politics of Primary Care in Costa Rica. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511558092. ISBN 978-0-521-41898-0. Retrieved 8 May 2020. cite book: |website= ignored (help)
  14. ^ a b Aneni, Ehimen; De Beer, Ingrid H.; Hanson, Laura; Rijnen, Bas; Brenan, Alana T.; Feeley, Frank G. (2013). "Mobile primary healthcare services and health outcomes of children in rural Namibia". Rural and Remote Health. 13 (3): 2380. ISSN 1445-6354. PMID 24016257.
  15. ^ a b Parikh, Kavita; Marein-Efron, Gabriela; Huang, Shirley; O'Hare, Geraldine; Finalle, Rodney; Shah, Samir S. (September 2010). "Nutritional Status of Children after a Food-Supplementation Program Integrated with Routine Health Care through Mobile Clinics in Migrant Communities in the Dominican Republic". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 83 (3): 559–564. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0485. ISSN 0002-9637. PMC 2929051. PMID 20810820.

Wrinkles on the face and hands are a typical sign of aging

A wrinkle, also known as a rhytid, is a fold, ridge or crease in an otherwise smooth surface, such as on skin or fabric. Skin wrinkles typically appear as a result of ageing processes such as glycation,[1] habitual sleeping positions,[2] loss of body mass, sun damage,[3] or temporarily, as the result of prolonged immersion in water. Age wrinkling in the skin is promoted by habitual facial expressions, aging, sun damage, smoking, poor hydration, and various other factors.[4] In humans, it can also be prevented to some degree by avoiding excessive solar exposure and through diet (in particular through consumption of carotenoids, tocopherols and flavonoids, vitamins (A, C, D and E), essential omega-3-fatty acids, certain proteins and lactobacilli).[5]

Skin

[edit]

Causes for aging wrinkles

[edit]
A woman of European origin with facial wrinkles

Development of facial wrinkles is a kind of fibrosis of the skin. Misrepair-accumulation aging theory suggests that wrinkles develop from incorrect repairs of injured elastic fibers and collagen fibers.[6][7][8] Repeated extensions and compressions of the skin cause repeated injuries of extracellular fibers in derma. During the repairing process, some of the broken elastic fibers and collagen fibers are not regenerated and restored but replaced by altered fibers. When an elastic fiber is broken in an extended state, it may be replaced by a "long" collagen fiber. Accumulation of "long" collagen fibers makes part of the skin looser and stiffer, and as a consequence, a big fold of skin appears. When a "long" collagen is broken in a compressed state, it may be replaced by a "short" collagen fiber. The "shorter" collagen fibers will restrict the extension of "longer" fibers, and make the “long" fibers in a folding state permanently. A small fold, namely a permanent wrinkle, then appears.

Sleep wrinkles

[edit]

Sleep wrinkles are created and reinforced when the face is compressed against a pillow or bed surface in side or stomach sleeping positions during sleep.[9] They appear in predictable locations due to the underlying superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS), and are usually distinct from wrinkles of facial expression.[10] As with wrinkles of facial expression, sleep wrinkles can deepen and become permanent over time, unless the habitual sleeping positions which cause the wrinkles are altered.[11]

Water-immersion wrinkling

[edit]
A wrinkled finger after a warm bath

The wrinkles that occur in skin over prolonged exposure to water are sometimes referred to as pruney fingers or water aging. This is a temporary skin condition where the skin on the palms of the hand or feet becomes wrinkly. This wrinkling response may have imparted an evolutionary benefit by providing improved traction in wet conditions,[12] and a better grasp of wet objects.[13] These results were called into question by a 2014 study that failed to reproduce any improvement of handling wet objects with wrinkled fingertips.[14] However, a 2020 study of gripping efficiency found that wrinkles decreased the force required to grip wet objects by 20%, supporting the traction hypothesis.[15]

Prior to a 1935 study, the common explanation was based on water absorption in the keratin-laden epithelial skin when immersed in water,[16] causing the skin to expand and resulting in a larger surface area, forcing it to wrinkle. Usually the tips of the fingers and toes are the first to wrinkle because of a thicker layer of keratin and an absence of hairs which secrete the protective oil called sebum.

Adult sole showing water immersion wrinkling

In the 1935 study, however, Lewis and Pickering were studying patients with palsy of the median nerve when they discovered that skin wrinkling did not occur in the areas of the patients' skin normally innervated by the damaged nerve. This suggested that the nervous system plays an essential role in wrinkling, so the phenomenon could not be entirely explained simply by water absorption. Recent research shows that wrinkling is related to vasoconstriction.[17][18] Water probably initiates the wrinkling process by altering the balance of electrolytes in the skin as it diffuses into the hands and soles via their many sweat ducts. This could alter the stability of the membranes of the many neurons that synapse on the many blood vessels underneath skin, causing them to fire more rapidly. Increased neuronal firing causes blood vessels to constrict, decreasing the amount of fluid underneath the skin. This decrease in fluid would cause a decrease in tension, causing the skin to become wrinkly.[19]

This insight resulted in bedside tests for nerve damage and vasoconstriction. Wrinkling is often scored with immersion of the hands for 30 minutes in water or EMLA cream with measurements steps of 5 minutes, and counting the number of visible wrinkles in time. Not all healthy persons have finger wrinkling after immersion, so it would be safe to say that sympathetic function is preserved if finger wrinkling after immersion in water is observed, but if the fingers emerge smooth it cannot be assumed that there is a lesion to the autonomic supply or to the peripheral nerves of the hand.[20]

Other animals with wrinkles

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Examples of wrinkles can be found in various animal species that grow loose, excess skin, particularly when they are young. Several breeds of dog, such as the Pug and the Shar Pei, have been bred to exaggerate this trait. In dogs bred for fighting, this is the result of selection for loose skin, which confers a protective advantage.[21]

Techniques for reducing the appearance of aging wrinkles

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A man receiving a botox injection

Current evidence suggests that tretinoin decreases cohesiveness of follicular epithelial cells, although the exact mode of action is unknown. Additionally, tretinoin stimulates mitotic activity and increased turnover of follicular epithelial cells.[22] Tretinoin is better known by the brand name Retin-A.

Topical glycosaminoglycans supplements can help to provide temporary restoration of enzyme balance to slow or prevent matrix breakdown and consequent onset of wrinkle formation. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are produced by the body to maintain structural integrity in tissues and to maintain fluid balance. Hyaluronic acid is a type of GAG that promotes collagen synthesis, repair, and hydration. GAGs serve as a natural moisturizer and lubricant between epidermal cells to inhibit the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).

Dermal fillers are injectable products frequently used to correct wrinkles, and other depressions in the skin. They are often a kind of soft tissue designed to enable injection into the skin for purposes of improving the appearance. The most common products are based on hyaluronic acid and calcium hydroxylapatite.

Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Botox is a specific form of botulinum toxin manufactured by Allergan for both therapeutic and cosmetic use. Besides its cosmetic application, Botox is used in the treatment of other conditions including migraine headache and cervical dystonia (spasmodic torticollis) (a neuromuscular disorder involving the head and neck).[23]

Dysport, manufactured by Ipsen, received FDA approval and is now used to treat cervical dystonia as well as glabellar lines in adults. In 2010, another form of botulinum toxin, one free of complexing proteins, became available to Americans. Xeomin received FDA approval for medical indications in 2010 and cosmetic indications in 2011.

Botulinum toxin treats wrinkles by immobilizing the muscles which cause wrinkles. It is not appropriate for the treatment of all wrinkles; it is indicated for the treatment of glabellar lines (between the eyebrows) in adults. Any other usage is not approved by the FDA and is considered off-label use.

Laser resurfacing is FDA-cleared skin resurfacing procedure in which lasers are used to improve the condition of the skin.[citation needed] Two types of lasers are used to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles on the face; laser ablation, which removes thin layers of skin, and nonablative lasers that stimulate collagen production. Nonablative lasers are less effective than ablative ones but they are less invasive and recovery time is short. After the procedure people experience temporary redness, itching and swelling.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Danby, FW (Jul–Aug 2010). "Nutrition and aging skin: sugar and glycation". Clin Dermatol. 4. 28 (4): 409–411. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.03.018. PMID 20620757.
  2. ^ American Academy of Dermatology. "Causes of Aging". AgingSkinNet. American Academy of Dermatology. Retrieved 5 March 2013.
  3. ^ Cosmetic Procedures for Wrinkles
  4. ^ Anderson, Laurence. 2006. Looking Good, the Australian guide to skin care, cosmetic medicine and cosmetic surgery. AMPCo. Sydney. ISBN 0-85557-044-X.
  5. ^ Schagen, S. K.; Zampeli, V. A.; Makrantonaki, E.; Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). "Discovering the link between nutrition and skin aging". Dermato-Endocrinology. 4 (3): 298–307. doi:10.4161/derm.22876. PMC 3583891. PMID 23467449.
  6. ^ Wang, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas; Wunderlin, Arne; Mahadeva, Ravi (2009). "Aging as a consequence of Misrepair—a novel theory of aging". arXiv:0904.0575 [q-bio.TO].
  7. ^ Wang-Michelitsch, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas (2015). "Aging as a process of accumulation of Misrepairs". arXiv:1503.07163 [q-bio.TO].
  8. ^ Wang-Michelitsch, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas (2015). "Tissue fibrosis: a principal evidence for the central role of Misrepairs in aging". arXiv:1505.01376 [q-bio.TO].
  9. ^ Sarifakioglu, Nedim; Terzioglu, A.; Ates, L.; Aslan, G. (2004). "A New Phenomenon: 'Sleep Lines' on the Face". Scan J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 38 (4): 244–247. doi:10.1080/02844310410027257. PMID 15370809. S2CID 25307487.
  10. ^ Fulton, James E.; Gaminchi, F. (1999). "Sleep Lines". Dermatol Surg. 25 (1): 59–62. doi:10.1046/j.1524-4725.1999.08073.x. PMID 9935097.
  11. ^ Sarifakioglu, Nedim; Terzioglu, A.; Ates, L.; Aslan, G. (2004). "A New Phenomenon: 'Sleep Lines' on the Face". Scan J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 38 (4): 244–247 [246]. doi:10.1080/02844310410027257. PMID 15370809. S2CID 25307487.
  12. ^ Mark Changizi; Romann Weber; Ritesh Kotecha; Joseph Palazzo (2011). "Are Wet-Induced Wrinkled Fingers Primate Rain Treads?". Brain, Behavior and Evolution. 77 (4): 286–90. doi:10.1159/000328223. PMID 21701145.
  13. ^ Kareklas, Kyriacos; Nettle, Daniel; Smulders, Tom V (January 9, 2013). "Water-induced finger wrinkles improve handling of wet objects". Biol. Lett. 9 (2): 20120999. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2012.0999. PMC 3639753. PMID 23302867.
  14. ^ Haseleu, Julia; Omerbašić, Damir; Frenzel, Henning; Gross, Manfred; Lewin, Gary R. (2014). Goldreich, Daniel (ed.). "Water-Induced Finger Wrinkles Do Not Affect Touch Acuity or Dexterity in Handling Wet Objects". PLOS ONE. 9 (1): e84949. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...984949H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084949. PMC 3885627. PMID 24416318.
  15. ^ Davis, N. (8 November 2020). "Water-immersion finger-wrinkling improves grip efficiency in handling wet objects". bioRxiv 10.1101/2020.11.07.372631.
  16. ^ "Dr Karl's Homework – Skin Wrinkles in Water (26/1/2000)". Abc.net.au. 2000-01-26. Retrieved 2019-04-30.
  17. ^ Einar P.V. Wilder-Smith; Adeline Chow (2003). "Water-immersion wrinkeling is due to vasoconstriction". Muscle & Nerve. 27 (3): 307–311. doi:10.1002/mus.10323. PMID 12635117. S2CID 45193684.
  18. ^ Einar P. V. Wilder-Smith (2004). "Water immersion wrinkling". Clinical Autonomic Research. 14 (2): 125–131. doi:10.1007/s10286-004-0172-4. PMID 15095056. S2CID 44938772.
  19. ^ H. Zhai, K.P. Whilem H. L. Maibach (2007). Dermatotoxicology. pp. 280–281.
  20. ^ G Alvarez, J Eurolo; P Canales (1980). "Finger wrinkling after immersion in water". British Medical Journal. 281 (6240): 586–587. doi:10.1136/bmj.281.6240.586-a. PMC 1713922. PMID 7427379.
  21. ^ The Dog Encyclopedia: The Definitive Visual Guide. Penguin. 15 August 2023. p. 84. ISBN 978-0-7440-8513-6.
  22. ^ Stefanaki C, Stratigos A, Katsambas A (June 2005). "Topical retinoids in the treatment of photoaging". J Cosmet Dermatol. 4 (2): 130–4. doi:10.1111/j.1473-2165.2005.40215.x. PMID 17166212. S2CID 44702740.
  23. ^ Brin MF, Lew MF, Adler CH, Comella CL, Factor SA, Jankovic J, O'Brien C, Murray JJ, Wallace JD, Willmer-Hulme A, Koller M (1999). "Safety and efficacy of NeuroBloc (botulinum toxin type B) in type A-resistant cervical dystonia". Neurology. 53 (7): 1431–8. doi:10.1212/WNL.53.7.1431. PMID 10534247.
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