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You're probably wondering if these treatments are right for you. Our expert team at Manhas Health Co. is the backbone of our innovative aesthetic treatments, ensuring you receive personalized care tailored to your unique beauty goals. Learn more about Same-Day Botox New Westminster here At Manhas Health Co, you're not just another face in the crowd seeking to reclaim youth; you're embarking on a personalized journey towards enhancing your natural beauty. The sample is then placed in a centrifuge, where it's spun to separate the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) from the rest of the blood components. Learn more about New Westminster Botox Clinic here. It's a versatile treatment that not only focuses on color correction but also stimulates collagen production.
Proper post-treatment care is crucial to maximize the benefits of your dermaplaning or chemical peel and ensure a smooth, healthy recovery. If you're curious about how these procedures can transform your skin, you're in the right place. This innovative approach is gaining traction for its effectiveness and natural results. Plus, it's a testament to our commitment to excellence and the high-quality standards we uphold in every procedure.
Here, you'll find an easy-to-use scheduling tool that allows you to select the date and time that works best for you. After exploring the range of anti-aging treatments, it's crucial to understand how personalized skincare regimens can further enhance your skin's health and appearance. Our vision is to lead the way in aesthetic medicine by continually adopting the latest technologies and practices that prioritize your safety and satisfaction. Botox for lip enhancement Botox skin rejuvenation New Westminster Infection risk is minimal since the procedure uses your blood, reducing the likelihood of adverse reactions.
This cutting-edge treatment combines microneedling with radiofrequency energy to target the deeper layers of your skin. Botox injection services We're excited to meet you and start this journey toward enhancing your natural beauty. After either treatment, your specialist will likely apply a serum or moisturizer to soothe and protect your skin.

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You'll find their team actively participating in local health fairs, offering free consultations, and providing educational seminars on the importance of skincare and holistic health.

You're not limited to a one-size-fits-all approach here. Remember, at Manhas Health Co., your personalized aesthetic care is our priority.

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Your Evolve-X journey starts with a personalized treatment plan tailored to your body's unique needs and goals. Botox for facial sculpting New Westminster By personalizing your treatment plan, Manhas Health Co ensures that you receive the most effective combination for your specific skin concerns. Morpheus 8 works on a variety of skin types, but it's crucial to have realistic expectations about the outcomes.

Firstly, avoid direct sun exposure for at least a week before your appointment. The Forma technology utilizes radiofrequency energy to target deep layers of your skin, stimulating collagen production without damaging the surface.

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Following these steps diligently won't only enhance the longevity of your Forma Face Sculpting results but also contribute to overall skin health. Our holistic approach ensures you receive personalized care tailored to your body's unique needs, helping you maintain your results long-term.

Keep your hands off your face to prevent the introduction of bacteria that could lead to breakouts or infection. This personalized approach ensures optimal results, making it a top choice for those looking to invest in their skin's health and appearance. At Manhas Health Co., we're committed to providing you with safe, effective, and personalized aesthetic care. For instance, Emma, a mother of two, recounts how the procedure not only enhanced her physical comfort but also restored her confidence, making her feel rejuvenated and more connected to her body.

To book your first consultation at Manhas Health Co., simply visit our website or give us a call, and we'll guide you through every step of the process. They're perfect for those looking to refresh their appearance with virtually no recovery period. They're tailored to meet your unique needs, whether you're looking to plump up thin lips, enhance shallow contours, soften facial creases, or improve the appearance of recessed scars. Our professionals are here to guide you through each step, from the initial consultation to the post-treatment care, ensuring you feel supported and informed.

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New Westminster Botox And Skin Care

Richard Clement Moody arrived in British Columbia in December 1858, at the head of the Royal Engineers, Columbia Detachment, having been hand picked to "found a second England on the shores of the Pacific".  Moody "wanted to build a city of beauty in the wilderness" and planned his city as an iconic visual metaphor for British dominance, "styled and located with the objective of reinforcing the authority of the Crown and of the robe  Subsequent to the enactment of the Pre-emption Act of 1860, Moody settled the Lower Mainland and selected the site and founded the new capital, New Westminster. Moody and the Royal Engineers were trained in settlement and selected the site because of its defensibility: it was farther from the American border than the site of the colony's proclamation, Fort Langley, possessed "great facilities for communication by water, as well as by future great trunk railways into the interior and possessed an excellent port  Moody was also struck by the majestic beauty of the site, writing in his letter to Blackwood:

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Nearby Tourist Attractions

Ron McLean Park

Tourist attraction, Park
Ron McLean Park, 7820 Hedley Ave, Burnaby, BC V5E 2R3
Community park with a kids' playground, baseball field & courts for tennis & basketball.

Byrne Creek Ravine Park

Tourist attraction, Park
Byrne Creek Ravine Park, 6555 Byrnepark Dr, Burnaby, BC V5E 4L4
Wooded natural area with a winding creek, trails for hiking & dog-walking & a baseball diamond.

Burnaby Blues & Roots Festival

Tourist attraction
Burnaby Blues & Roots Festival, Burnaby, BC V5G 3T1

Burnaby Mountain Biking and Hiking Trails

Tourist attraction, Hiking area
Burnaby Mountain Biking and Hiking Trails, University Dr E, Burnaby, BC V5A 4Y8

Citations and other links

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Instead, your plan will adapt as you progress, reflecting changes in your body and goals. Every detail, from the ambient lighting to the ergonomically designed furniture, is tailored to enhance your experience. Recovery time is minimal, allowing you to return to your daily activities with little downtime. Understanding the differences between Morpheus 8 and PRP treatments sets the stage for appreciating real success stories from Same-Day Botox New Westminster.
First off, we'll send you a welcome packet.

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By encouraging new collagen formation, it's tackling the root cause of skin sagging and wrinkles, rather than merely masking them. It's not every day that one encounters a breakthrough poised to redefine the standards of non-invasive cosmetic enhancements.
Use a gentle, fragrance-free moisturizer to soothe and nourish your skin without causing irritation. It's not just about slimming down; it's about reshaping your figure in a way that diet and exercise alone mightn't achieve. Read more about Same-Day Botox New Westminster here They understand that aging isn't just about lines and wrinkles; it's about how you feel inside and out.
In the days following your session, you'll likely notice your skin feels tighter and more supple. As you step inside, you'll notice the clinic's modern design, which isn't just for show. Ideally, this treatment is tailored for women who've experienced changes in their vaginal health due to childbirth, aging, or hormonal variations.

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Let's help you find the best payment option that suits your needs, so you can focus on looking and feeling your best. If you're experiencing discomfort, a lack of confidence, or simply want to rejuvenate your intimate area, vaginal rejuvenation could be a viable solution. But that's not all. You'll be guided through the process by our experienced specialists, who'll assess your skin and hair type to customize the treatment plan that's just right for you. It's like giving your skin a fresh start, diminishing the look of those blemishes you've been wanting to fade.

Morpheus 8 treatment is ideal for individuals seeking to reduce wrinkles, tighten skin, and improve overall skin texture without undergoing invasive surgery. We're committed to providing a welcoming, pressure-free environment, where you can explore the possibilities at your own pace. In addition to Evolve-X's remarkable benefits, the technology offers the unique advantage of personalized body contouring, ensuring each treatment plan is tailored specifically to your needs. Diving into the world of chemical peels, you'll uncover a myriad of benefits aimed at revitalizing your skin by shedding the old, dull surface to reveal a smoother, more youthful complexion beneath.

Once you're deemed a suitable candidate, the actual process kicks off. The prime candidates for this innovative treatment are those experiencing the early signs of aging. You're not just another appointment to us; you're an individual with distinct goals and concerns. Moreover, they're constantly staying abreast of the latest advancements in body sculpting technology to provide you with the safest, most effective treatment options available.

We provide tailored aftercare advice to help you maintain and prolong the benefits of your procedures.

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The process is relatively simple. Furthermore, your journey doesn't end with the treatment. Our team uses this information to craft a tailored plan that aligns with your vision and ensures the outcomes you're aiming for.

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Clicking on it will take you to the scheduling page, where you can choose the Forma Face Sculpting service. To minimize complications, it's essential to choose a reputable provider experienced in these treatments. You're not just investing in a temporary fix; you're embracing an opportunity to redefine your features with results that can last from several months to a couple of years, depending on the product used.

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They've embraced techniques that not only remove fat but also tighten the skin, offering a dual benefit that was once thought to be achievable only through surgery.

For the first few days, you might notice redness or swelling, similar to a sunburn. The before and after photos that Manhas Health Co. shares aren't just impressive; they're a testament to the technology's effectiveness.

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Your specialist will apply a chemical solution to your skin, which might cause a tingling or burning sensation for a few minutes.

That's why they're not just focused on the procedure itself but also on tailoring a personalized plan that aligns with your individual needs and aspirations. At Manhas Health Co, our mission is to empower you with personalized aesthetic solutions that enhance your natural beauty and boost your confidence.

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He's not just transformed physically but mentally, embracing a lifestyle of wellness and self-care.

Plan a night out with friends or a special date where you can feel proud and confident in your skin's appearance.

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At Manhas Health Co., you'll start your journey with a personalized consultation to pinpoint exactly what you need to feel your best. You're essentially using your body's own healing mechanisms to revitalize your scalp and enhance hair growth, making it a holistic approach to combating hair loss. Botox injections

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This process not only tightens sagging skin but also improves its overall texture and tone. And let's not forget makeup application; without the peach fuzz and dead skin cells, your foundation will glide on seamlessly. This part of the treatment is meticulous but relatively quick, depending on the area being treated. Moreover, we emphasize a collaborative approach.

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Whether it's fine lines, wrinkles, or a general loss of firmness, the treatment adapts to provide the most effective results.

Here, we'll discuss your skin history, lifestyle, and what you're hoping to achieve. Then there's Jamie Lin, our patient care coordinator. Moreover, the technology's smart design means treatments can be adjusted in real-time based on your feedback and comfort level, ensuring a personalized experience that's both effective and enjoyable. This innovative treatment combines micro-needling with fractional radiofrequency technology to target the deeper layers of your skin, stimulating collagen production like never before.

Whether you're looking to tone, tighten, or transform, your tailored plan will guide you every step of the way. So, why should you keep an eye on Manhas Health Co.? Discover how real clients have transformed their self-esteem and appearance through our tailored aesthetic services. If you're in for a chemical peel, the process slightly differs.

It allows you to visualize potential outcomes and feel more informed when discussing your options with us. Diving into the realm of body sculpting, Manhas Health Co. introduces cutting-edge innovations that redefine the way you shape and tone your body. The IPL photo facial results can emerge gradually, revealing clearer, more radiant skin over time. That's why our experts sit down with you to listen to your concerns, goals, and aspirations.

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Results will gradually appear over the next few weeks, with optimal outcomes visible after a series of treatments. Deciding to undergo these treatments is a personal choice and involves considering your physical needs and cosmetic desires. Evolve-X uses state-of-the-art technology that's been thoroughly tested and approved. Lastly, on the day of your treatment, come with clean skin, free of any makeup, creams, or oils. First off, avoid washing the treated area for at least 48 hours to give your scalp time to absorb the PRP fully.
Take Sarah, for instance, who battled acne scars for years. It's also important to resist the temptation to scratch or pick at your skin, as this can lead to irritation or even scarring. Botox safety While we celebrate these incredible transformations, it's crucial to emphasize that your safety and comfort are always at the forefront of our services. This not only gets rid of dead skin cells but also helps in minimizing the appearance of fine lines, acne scars, and uneven skin tone.
Mark, skeptical at first, found solace in our hair restoration treatments. It's designed to target those stubborn areas that don't seem to budge no matter how much you diet or exercise. It's important to keep the area clean and dry, and you may be prescribed special washes or creams to aid in your recovery. Your skin is as individual as you are, and it deserves a regimen that reflects that.
Providing a complete picture of your skin's condition and history helps us tailor the treatment to suit you perfectly, minimizing any risks and maximizing the benefits. Safety is another significant advantage. Expect the session to last about 30 minutes, leaving your skin instantly smoother and brighter. Instead, Manhas Health Co. offers a seamless online booking option on their website, available 24/7, allowing you to choose a time and date that fits perfectly into your busy schedule.

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Facials may include the use of a facial mask.

A facial is a family of skin care treatments for the face, including steam, exfoliation (physical and chemical), extraction, creams, lotions, facial masks, peels, and massage. They are normally performed in beauty salons, but are also a common spa treatment. They are used for general skin health as well as for specific skin conditions. Types of facials include European facial,[1] LED light therapy facials, hydrafacials and mini-facials.

Facial mask

[edit]

There are different kinds of masks (e.g., clay, cactus, cucumber) for different purposes: deep-cleansing, by penetrating the pores; healing acne scars or hyper-pigmentation; brightening, for a gradual illumination of the skin tone. Facial masks also help with anti-aging, acne, crows feet, under eye bags, sagging lids, dark circles, puffiness,[2] and more. Some masks are designed to dry or solidify on the face, almost like plaster; others just remain wet. The green face mask is very essential and benefited.

Masks are removed by either rinsing the face with water, wiping off with a damp cloth, or peeling off of the face. Duration for wearing a mask varies with the type of mask, and manufacturer's usage instructions. The time can range from a few minutes to overnight. Those with sensitive skin are advised to first test out the mask on a small portion of the skin, in order to check for any irritations. Some facial masks are not suited to frequent use. A glycolic mask should not be used more frequently than once a month to avoid the risk of burning the skin.

Masks can be found anywhere from drugstores to department stores and can vary in consistency and form. Setting masks include: clay, which is a thicker consistency, and will draw out impurities (and sometimes, natural oils, too) from the pores; a cream, which stays damp to hydrate the skin; sheet-style, in which a paper mask is dampened with liquid to tone and moisturize the skin; and lastly, a hybrid/clay and cream form that includes small beads for removing dead surface skin cells. Non-setting facial masks include warm oil and paraffin wax masks. These different forms are made to suit different skin types (e.g., oily or dry), and different skincare goals or needs (e.g., moisturizing, cleansing, exfoliating). Clay and mud masks suit oily and some "combination" skin types,[3] while cream-based masks tend to suit dry and sensitive skin types. There are also peel-off masks which are used to remove thin layers of dead skin cells and dirt.[4]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Eastern European Beauty Secrets and Skin Care Techniques. Dorrance Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4349-7452-5.
  2. ^ Bioelements. "Do I need a facial? 32 reasons you absolutely need one". Bioelements. Archived from the original on 2021-05-16. Retrieved 2021-05-16.
  3. ^ Remedios, Faye (2022-07-01). "The do's and don'ts of mud masks, and why it will be your newest skin obsession". Vogue India. Retrieved 2023-01-31.
  4. ^ "What type of face mask is best for my skin type? | Paula's Choice". www.paulaschoice-eu.com. Retrieved 2021-05-16.

Wrinkles on the face and hands are a typical sign of aging

A wrinkle, also known as a rhytid, is a fold, ridge or crease in an otherwise smooth surface, such as on skin or fabric. Skin wrinkles typically appear as a result of ageing processes such as glycation,[1] habitual sleeping positions,[2] loss of body mass, sun damage,[3] or temporarily, as the result of prolonged immersion in water. Age wrinkling in the skin is promoted by habitual facial expressions, aging, sun damage, smoking, poor hydration, and various other factors.[4] In humans, it can also be prevented to some degree by avoiding excessive solar exposure and through diet (in particular through consumption of carotenoids, tocopherols and flavonoids, vitamins (A, C, D and E), essential omega-3-fatty acids, certain proteins and lactobacilli).[5]

Skin

[edit]

Causes for aging wrinkles

[edit]
A woman of European origin with facial wrinkles

Development of facial wrinkles is a kind of fibrosis of the skin. Misrepair-accumulation aging theory suggests that wrinkles develop from incorrect repairs of injured elastic fibers and collagen fibers.[6][7][8] Repeated extensions and compressions of the skin cause repeated injuries of extracellular fibers in derma. During the repairing process, some of the broken elastic fibers and collagen fibers are not regenerated and restored but replaced by altered fibers. When an elastic fiber is broken in an extended state, it may be replaced by a "long" collagen fiber. Accumulation of "long" collagen fibers makes part of the skin looser and stiffer, and as a consequence, a big fold of skin appears. When a "long" collagen is broken in a compressed state, it may be replaced by a "short" collagen fiber. The "shorter" collagen fibers will restrict the extension of "longer" fibers, and make the “long" fibers in a folding state permanently. A small fold, namely a permanent wrinkle, then appears.

Sleep wrinkles

[edit]

Sleep wrinkles are created and reinforced when the face is compressed against a pillow or bed surface in side or stomach sleeping positions during sleep.[9] They appear in predictable locations due to the underlying superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS), and are usually distinct from wrinkles of facial expression.[10] As with wrinkles of facial expression, sleep wrinkles can deepen and become permanent over time, unless the habitual sleeping positions which cause the wrinkles are altered.[11]

Water-immersion wrinkling

[edit]
A wrinkled finger after a warm bath

The wrinkles that occur in skin over prolonged exposure to water are sometimes referred to as pruney fingers or water aging. This is a temporary skin condition where the skin on the palms of the hand or feet becomes wrinkly. This wrinkling response may have imparted an evolutionary benefit by providing improved traction in wet conditions,[12] and a better grasp of wet objects.[13] These results were called into question by a 2014 study that failed to reproduce any improvement of handling wet objects with wrinkled fingertips.[14] However, a 2020 study of gripping efficiency found that wrinkles decreased the force required to grip wet objects by 20%, supporting the traction hypothesis.[15]

Prior to a 1935 study, the common explanation was based on water absorption in the keratin-laden epithelial skin when immersed in water,[16] causing the skin to expand and resulting in a larger surface area, forcing it to wrinkle. Usually the tips of the fingers and toes are the first to wrinkle because of a thicker layer of keratin and an absence of hairs which secrete the protective oil called sebum.

Adult sole showing water immersion wrinkling

In the 1935 study, however, Lewis and Pickering were studying patients with palsy of the median nerve when they discovered that skin wrinkling did not occur in the areas of the patients' skin normally innervated by the damaged nerve. This suggested that the nervous system plays an essential role in wrinkling, so the phenomenon could not be entirely explained simply by water absorption. Recent research shows that wrinkling is related to vasoconstriction.[17][18] Water probably initiates the wrinkling process by altering the balance of electrolytes in the skin as it diffuses into the hands and soles via their many sweat ducts. This could alter the stability of the membranes of the many neurons that synapse on the many blood vessels underneath skin, causing them to fire more rapidly. Increased neuronal firing causes blood vessels to constrict, decreasing the amount of fluid underneath the skin. This decrease in fluid would cause a decrease in tension, causing the skin to become wrinkly.[19]

This insight resulted in bedside tests for nerve damage and vasoconstriction. Wrinkling is often scored with immersion of the hands for 30 minutes in water or EMLA cream with measurements steps of 5 minutes, and counting the number of visible wrinkles in time. Not all healthy persons have finger wrinkling after immersion, so it would be safe to say that sympathetic function is preserved if finger wrinkling after immersion in water is observed, but if the fingers emerge smooth it cannot be assumed that there is a lesion to the autonomic supply or to the peripheral nerves of the hand.[20]

Other animals with wrinkles

[edit]

Examples of wrinkles can be found in various animal species that grow loose, excess skin, particularly when they are young. Several breeds of dog, such as the Pug and the Shar Pei, have been bred to exaggerate this trait. In dogs bred for fighting, this is the result of selection for loose skin, which confers a protective advantage.[21]

Techniques for reducing the appearance of aging wrinkles

[edit]
A man receiving a botox injection

Current evidence suggests that tretinoin decreases cohesiveness of follicular epithelial cells, although the exact mode of action is unknown. Additionally, tretinoin stimulates mitotic activity and increased turnover of follicular epithelial cells.[22] Tretinoin is better known by the brand name Retin-A.

Topical glycosaminoglycans supplements can help to provide temporary restoration of enzyme balance to slow or prevent matrix breakdown and consequent onset of wrinkle formation. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are produced by the body to maintain structural integrity in tissues and to maintain fluid balance. Hyaluronic acid is a type of GAG that promotes collagen synthesis, repair, and hydration. GAGs serve as a natural moisturizer and lubricant between epidermal cells to inhibit the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).

Dermal fillers are injectable products frequently used to correct wrinkles, and other depressions in the skin. They are often a kind of soft tissue designed to enable injection into the skin for purposes of improving the appearance. The most common products are based on hyaluronic acid and calcium hydroxylapatite.

Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Botox is a specific form of botulinum toxin manufactured by Allergan for both therapeutic and cosmetic use. Besides its cosmetic application, Botox is used in the treatment of other conditions including migraine headache and cervical dystonia (spasmodic torticollis) (a neuromuscular disorder involving the head and neck).[23]

Dysport, manufactured by Ipsen, received FDA approval and is now used to treat cervical dystonia as well as glabellar lines in adults. In 2010, another form of botulinum toxin, one free of complexing proteins, became available to Americans. Xeomin received FDA approval for medical indications in 2010 and cosmetic indications in 2011.

Botulinum toxin treats wrinkles by immobilizing the muscles which cause wrinkles. It is not appropriate for the treatment of all wrinkles; it is indicated for the treatment of glabellar lines (between the eyebrows) in adults. Any other usage is not approved by the FDA and is considered off-label use.

Laser resurfacing is FDA-cleared skin resurfacing procedure in which lasers are used to improve the condition of the skin.[citation needed] Two types of lasers are used to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles on the face; laser ablation, which removes thin layers of skin, and nonablative lasers that stimulate collagen production. Nonablative lasers are less effective than ablative ones but they are less invasive and recovery time is short. After the procedure people experience temporary redness, itching and swelling.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Danby, FW (Jul–Aug 2010). "Nutrition and aging skin: sugar and glycation". Clin Dermatol. 4. 28 (4): 409–411. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.03.018. PMID 20620757.
  2. ^ American Academy of Dermatology. "Causes of Aging". AgingSkinNet. American Academy of Dermatology. Retrieved 5 March 2013.
  3. ^ Cosmetic Procedures for Wrinkles
  4. ^ Anderson, Laurence. 2006. Looking Good, the Australian guide to skin care, cosmetic medicine and cosmetic surgery. AMPCo. Sydney. ISBN 0-85557-044-X.
  5. ^ Schagen, S. K.; Zampeli, V. A.; Makrantonaki, E.; Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). "Discovering the link between nutrition and skin aging". Dermato-Endocrinology. 4 (3): 298–307. doi:10.4161/derm.22876. PMC 3583891. PMID 23467449.
  6. ^ Wang, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas; Wunderlin, Arne; Mahadeva, Ravi (2009). "Aging as a consequence of Misrepair—a novel theory of aging". arXiv:0904.0575 [q-bio.TO].
  7. ^ Wang-Michelitsch, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas (2015). "Aging as a process of accumulation of Misrepairs". arXiv:1503.07163 [q-bio.TO].
  8. ^ Wang-Michelitsch, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas (2015). "Tissue fibrosis: a principal evidence for the central role of Misrepairs in aging". arXiv:1505.01376 [q-bio.TO].
  9. ^ Sarifakioglu, Nedim; Terzioglu, A.; Ates, L.; Aslan, G. (2004). "A New Phenomenon: 'Sleep Lines' on the Face". Scan J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 38 (4): 244–247. doi:10.1080/02844310410027257. PMID 15370809. S2CID 25307487.
  10. ^ Fulton, James E.; Gaminchi, F. (1999). "Sleep Lines". Dermatol Surg. 25 (1): 59–62. doi:10.1046/j.1524-4725.1999.08073.x. PMID 9935097.
  11. ^ Sarifakioglu, Nedim; Terzioglu, A.; Ates, L.; Aslan, G. (2004). "A New Phenomenon: 'Sleep Lines' on the Face". Scan J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 38 (4): 244–247 [246]. doi:10.1080/02844310410027257. PMID 15370809. S2CID 25307487.
  12. ^ Mark Changizi; Romann Weber; Ritesh Kotecha; Joseph Palazzo (2011). "Are Wet-Induced Wrinkled Fingers Primate Rain Treads?". Brain, Behavior and Evolution. 77 (4): 286–90. doi:10.1159/000328223. PMID 21701145.
  13. ^ Kareklas, Kyriacos; Nettle, Daniel; Smulders, Tom V (January 9, 2013). "Water-induced finger wrinkles improve handling of wet objects". Biol. Lett. 9 (2): 20120999. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2012.0999. PMC 3639753. PMID 23302867.
  14. ^ Haseleu, Julia; Omerbašić, Damir; Frenzel, Henning; Gross, Manfred; Lewin, Gary R. (2014). Goldreich, Daniel (ed.). "Water-Induced Finger Wrinkles Do Not Affect Touch Acuity or Dexterity in Handling Wet Objects". PLOS ONE. 9 (1): e84949. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...984949H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084949. PMC 3885627. PMID 24416318.
  15. ^ Davis, N. (8 November 2020). "Water-immersion finger-wrinkling improves grip efficiency in handling wet objects". bioRxiv 10.1101/2020.11.07.372631.
  16. ^ "Dr Karl's Homework – Skin Wrinkles in Water (26/1/2000)". Abc.net.au. 2000-01-26. Retrieved 2019-04-30.
  17. ^ Einar P.V. Wilder-Smith; Adeline Chow (2003). "Water-immersion wrinkeling is due to vasoconstriction". Muscle & Nerve. 27 (3): 307–311. doi:10.1002/mus.10323. PMID 12635117. S2CID 45193684.
  18. ^ Einar P. V. Wilder-Smith (2004). "Water immersion wrinkling". Clinical Autonomic Research. 14 (2): 125–131. doi:10.1007/s10286-004-0172-4. PMID 15095056. S2CID 44938772.
  19. ^ H. Zhai, K.P. Whilem H. L. Maibach (2007). Dermatotoxicology. pp. 280–281.
  20. ^ G Alvarez, J Eurolo; P Canales (1980). "Finger wrinkling after immersion in water". British Medical Journal. 281 (6240): 586–587. doi:10.1136/bmj.281.6240.586-a. PMC 1713922. PMID 7427379.
  21. ^ The Dog Encyclopedia: The Definitive Visual Guide. Penguin. 15 August 2023. p. 84. ISBN 978-0-7440-8513-6.
  22. ^ Stefanaki C, Stratigos A, Katsambas A (June 2005). "Topical retinoids in the treatment of photoaging". J Cosmet Dermatol. 4 (2): 130–4. doi:10.1111/j.1473-2165.2005.40215.x. PMID 17166212. S2CID 44702740.
  23. ^ Brin MF, Lew MF, Adler CH, Comella CL, Factor SA, Jankovic J, O'Brien C, Murray JJ, Wallace JD, Willmer-Hulme A, Koller M (1999). "Safety and efficacy of NeuroBloc (botulinum toxin type B) in type A-resistant cervical dystonia". Neurology. 53 (7): 1431–8. doi:10.1212/WNL.53.7.1431. PMID 10534247.
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