Vancouver VIP Bus Service

Vancouver VIP Bus Service

Sport team transportation

You're not just limited to choosing destinations; you can also select onboard amenities and services to enhance your experience. Star Coach makes these and many more destinations within your reach, ensuring your travels are as splendid as the sights you're set to explore. Learn more about Vancouver VIP Bus Service here Want to impress your clients with a sophisticated ride? Instead of the typical shoulder-to-shoulder setup, you'll enjoy seating that's designed for interaction and personal space. You're likely seeking a balance between affordability and high-quality service for your group's travel needs.
Here, you'll find an intuitive interface that guides you through selecting your luxury bus option. Vancouver area Or picture your corporate team traveling together to a retreat or conference, fostering team spirit and camaraderie along the way. Greater Vancouver Want your logo displayed on the screens? This level of care and attention to detail is what makes the Star Coach difference truly remarkable, elevating them above the competition in Vancouver's bus rental market.
Picture yourself sinking into sumptuous leather seats, losing yourself in a movie on a high-definition screen, or simply enjoying the panoramic views through expansive windows. Learn more about Star Coach here. Star Coach's elite bus rental service in Vancouver offers you just that. Overhead, spacious compartments easily accommodate your carry-on, keeping essentials within reach while maintaining an uncluttered space. Got a question?
They're responsive, understanding, and flexible, ready to accommodate your specific needs and schedules. Vancouver city Star Coach's commitment to combining aesthetics with function means you get the best of both worlds. You'll be in safe hands with our professional drivers who've undergone extensive background checks and possess years of experience navigating Vancouver's streets. The plush seating invites you to sink in and relax, each chair designed to cradle you in unparalleled comfort during your journey.

Whether you're planning a corporate event, a wedding, or a scenic tour, we've got a pricing plan that'll suit your needs. You're not just getting a ride; you're crafting an experience. From selecting the perfect vehicle that matches your group's size and style to choosing onboard amenities that enhance your ride, we're here to make your travel as comfortable and enjoyable as possible. Building on their commitment to customer satisfaction, Star Coach offers a diverse fleet selection to meet any group's size or preference.

Need a tour guide to provide insights during your journey?

Executive bus charter

  1. Community bus service
  2. Bus services
  3. Vancouver
  4. Tour transportation
  5. Party bus
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  7. Field trip bus
  8. Private group transport
  9. Lower Mainland BC
  10. Bus excursion
  11. Event transportation
  12. School bus rental
  13. Bus travel
  14. Bus leasing
  15. Luxury transportation
  16. Custom bus rental
This means you won't pay for more than what you need. Vancouver BC Well, imagine gliding through Vancouver's streets and beyond in a vehicle designed not just for travel, but for an experience.

Casino shuttle

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  • Lower Mainland BC
  • Bus excursion
  • Event transportation
  • School bus rental
  • Bus travel
  • Bus leasing
  • Luxury transportation
  • Custom bus rental
  • Hourly bus rental
  • Charter shuttle service
  • Sightseeing bus


Vancouver's Star Coach Bus Rentals redefine comfort, ensuring you experience unparalleled relaxation during your journey. After you've input all your details, you'll receive an instant quote. First, the Prevost H3-45 boasts an Electronic Stability Program (ESP), significantly reducing the risk of skidding or loss of control in slippery conditions.

From sleek minibusses for smaller groups to full-sized coaches for larger gatherings, their fleet is versatile enough to accommodate any occasion. That's where Star Coach shines. We've designed our buses with your relaxation in mind. Charter transportation

Deluxe Bus Rental Vancouver

Vancouver is one of the most ethnically and linguistically diverse cities in Canada: 49.3 percent of its residents are not native English speakers, 47.8 percent are native speakers of neither English nor French, and 54.5 percent of residents belong to visible minority groups. It has been consistently ranked one of the most liveable cities in Canada and in the world. In terms of housing affordability, Vancouver is also one of the most expensive cities in Canada and in the world. Vancouverism is the city's urban planning design philosophy.

Citations and other links

Premium Group Transportation Vancouver

This level of service, combined with the luxurious amenities offered on their buses, sets Star Coach apart in the Vancouver bus rental market.

Charter transportation

  1. Hourly bus rental
  2. Charter shuttle service
  3. Sightseeing bus
  4. Tour bus rental
  5. Executive bus charter
  6. Casino shuttle
  7. Vancouver area
  8. Minibus rental
  9. Vancouver city
  10. Motor coach rental
  11. Community bus service
  12. Bus services
  13. Vancouver
  14. Tour transportation
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  16. Coach hire
But it doesn't stop there. Our pricing models are designed with you in mind, ensuring you get top-tier service without breaking the bank.

Vancouver city

  1. Luxury transportation
  2. Custom bus rental
  3. Hourly bus rental
  4. Charter shuttle service
  5. Sightseeing bus
  6. Vancouver area
  7. Minibus rental
  8. Vancouver city
  9. Motor coach rental
  10. Community bus service
  11. Bus services
  12. Vancouver
  13. Tour transportation
  14. Party bus
  15. Coach hire
Star Coach doesn't just transport you; it ensures your journey is as memorable as the destination itself. Star Coach's team works meticulously to match the right vehicle and amenities to your specific occasion.

Imagine reclining in plush, spacious seats that allow you to relax or work with ease, complemented by personal charging stations to keep your devices powered throughout the trip. You're not just renting a bus; you're investing in an experience that's tailored to meet the highest expectations. Star Coach elevates the bus rental experience in Vancouver by offering unmatched luxury and personalized service. They're not just steering the wheel; they're curating your seamless experience, attentive to every need.

Whether you're planning a wedding, corporate event, school trip, or a special night out with friends, their fleet of high-end buses can accommodate your group with unparalleled elegance. As the sun rises over the Vancouver skyline, Star Coach isn't just changing the game; it's rewriting the playbook for premium bus rental services. With Star Coach, you're not just getting from point A to point B; you're doing so in a way that's tailored just for you, ensuring your travel is as smooth and enjoyable as the event itself. By opting for their services, you're not just getting from point A to B; you're actively participating in a movement towards a greener planet.

Executive bus charter

  1. Vancouver city
  2. Motor coach rental
  3. Community bus service
  4. Bus services
  5. Vancouver
  6. Tour transportation
  7. Party bus
  8. Coach hire
  9. Field trip bus
  10. Private group transport
  11. Lower Mainland BC
  12. Bus excursion
  13. Event transportation
  14. School bus rental
  15. Bus travel
  16. Bus leasing


You'll start by selecting your desired service, whether it's a luxury tour of Vancouver's breathtaking sights or a stylish, comfortable ride for a special event. You're not stuck with a one-size-fits-all solution. Whether you're heading to a corporate event, a wedding, or a sightseeing tour, we tailor our route planning to your specific needs. It's this proactive approach that sets Star Coach apart.

Premium Group Transportation Vancouver
Charter Bus Company Near Me Vancouver

Charter Bus Company Near Me Vancouver

Her excitement mirrors the feedback we receive regularly. Inside, you'll find clean, spacious seating, climate control, and entertainment options to make your trip enjoyable. They also focus on maintenance practices that ensure the buses operate at peak efficiency, further minimizing their environmental impact. What sets them apart is their commitment to flexibility. Moreover, we're always prepared with alternative plans.

And for those moments when you need a bit of quiet, noise-canceling headphones are available upon request, ensuring you can lose yourself in a movie or playlist without distractions. Navigating the bustling streets and scenic routes, we take into account real-time traffic updates, construction detours, and local events that might impact your journey. It's where luxury meets the road, transforming every trip across Vancouver into an unforgettable journey. If you opt for the online route, you'll find a simple form to fill out.

Greater Vancouver

  1. Affordable bus rental
  2. Vancouver BC
  3. Bus line
  4. Senior group travel
  5. Safe bus rental
  6. Tour bus rental
  7. Executive bus charter
  8. Casino shuttle
  9. Vancouver area
  10. Minibus rental
  11. Vancouver city
  12. Motor coach rental
  13. Community bus service
  14. Bus services
  15. Vancouver
  16. Tour transportation


They're not just about booking your ride; they're dedicated to tailoring the service to fit your specific requirements, whether it's for a corporate event, a school outing, or a personal celebration. This isn't just about having a place to put your suitcase; it's about creating an environment where you're free to unwind, work, or socialize without the constraints of tight spaces. Imagine arriving at your destination in style, comfort, and without the hassle of coordinating multiple cars or worrying about parking. Imagine gliding through the bustling streets and serene landscapes of this coastal city, all while ensconced in unparalleled comfort.

Embarking on your Star Coach journey is as easy as that. This shift drastically cuts down on carbon emissions, making your journey greener. You'll immediately notice the difference in your experience when you interact with Star Coach Bus Rentals' customer service team. For those looking to explore Vancouver's stunning landscapes and vibrant city scenes, Star Coach's guided sightseeing tours offer an immersive experience like no other.

Luxury Travel Coach Vancouver

Choosing Star Coach means you're opting for a stress-free, reliable, and premium travel experience. The overhead compartments are generous, allowing you to store your carry-on items without sacrificing your personal space. Whether you're planning a corporate event, a wedding, or a scenic tour around Vancouver, they've got a bus that'll not only meet your needs but also reflect the sophistication and elegance of your event. Our system is designed to be transparent and easy to navigate, ensuring you won't waste a moment of your precious time.

Our flexible payment options make booking with us a breeze. Sport team transportation And let's not forget the convenience of onboard restrooms. You've likely seen your fair share of luxury transport options, but what sets Star Coach apart isn't just its fleet of state-of-the-art buses.

Our fleet consistently sets the standard for quality, ensuring every ride you take is nothing short of exceptional. You've likely heard their name synonymous with quality and luxury when it comes to group travel. Whether it's coordinating multiple pick-up points for a city-wide tech conference or ensuring your family is pampered on the way to a reunion, they're on it.

You're not just hiring a bus; you're securing a team dedicated to making your journey as comfortable and hassle-free as possible. If your group craves culinary explorations, Star Coach can weave through Vancouver's best eateries. Imagine gliding along the Sea-to-Sky Highway, with its stunning vistas of the Pacific Ocean and towering mountains, all from the plush seats of your private coach.

Luxury Travel Coach Vancouver
Long-Distance Charter Buses Vancouver
Long-Distance Charter Buses Vancouver

Fancy a bit of group fun? With Star Coach Bus Rentals, elevating your group travel experience in Vancouver becomes effortless and enjoyable.

Bus rental for tours

  1. Luxury transportation
  2. Custom bus rental
  3. Hourly bus rental
  4. Charter shuttle service
  5. Sightseeing bus
  6. Charter transportation
  7. Bus fleet
  8. Affordable bus rental
  9. Vancouver BC
  10. Bus line
  11. Senior group travel
  12. Safe bus rental
  13. Tour bus rental
  14. Executive bus charter
  15. Casino shuttle
  16. Vancouver area
  17. Minibus rental
  18. Vancouver city
  19. Motor coach rental
Plus, we offer special discounts for early bookings and repeat customers to make your experience even more rewarding. They're not just about getting you from point A to point B; they're about making the journey as enjoyable as the destination.
The seamless experience from booking to destination has made John a repeat customer. But the question remains: does this upscale approach to group transport genuinely enhance the overall appeal of Vancouver as a travel destination? Tour bus rental Moreover, their drivers aren't just skilled at navigating the roads but are also courteous and well-versed in customer service excellence.
Star Coach doesn't just get you to your destination; they make the journey part of the event. You'll get a detailed quote with no hidden fees, so you know exactly what you're paying for.

Vancouver city

  1. Motor coach rental
  2. Community bus service
  3. Bus services
  4. Vancouver
  5. Tour transportation
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  10. Lower Mainland BC
  11. Bus excursion
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  13. School bus rental
  14. Bus travel
  15. Bus leasing
  16. Luxury transportation
  17. Custom bus rental
  18. Hourly bus rental
Read more about Vancouver VIP Bus Service here In recent years, an impressive 60% of luxury bus rentals in Vancouver have been attributed to Star Coach, a company that's quickly become synonymous with the epitome of travel opulence.
It's the smart choice for businesses looking to streamline their travel arrangements while ensuring a pleasant and productive journey for everyone involved. We don't believe in a one-size-fits-all approach; instead, we recognize the importance of personalization in creating memorable journeys. It's an extension of your wedding's theme and elegance, seamlessly integrating with the day's festivities.

Bus line
Vancouver Luxury Charter Service

They've set the bar high, transforming ordinary travel into an extraordinary journey. It asks for basic information such as your travel dates, number of passengers, and any specific requests you might have.

Charter transportation

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  • Motor coach rental
  • Community bus service
  • Bus services
  • Vancouver
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  • Party bus
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  • Lower Mainland BC
  • Bus excursion
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  • School bus rental
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  • Bus leasing
Their fleet is designed to cater to all your needs, ensuring that you and your guests arrive in style and comfort. Here, you'll find an intuitive booking platform that guides you through selecting your desired service.
These aren't your run-of-the-mill bus rides. Star Coach makes this process straightforward and hassle-free. Let's create your memorable journey together.
This means you're not just renting a bus; you're securing peace of mind. Feeling peckish? The attention to detail extends to cleanliness and safety, too.

Bus rental for tours

  1. Vancouver area
  2. Minibus rental
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  4. Motor coach rental
  5. Community bus service
  6. Bus services
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  9. Party bus
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  12. Private group transport
  13. Lower Mainland BC
  14. Bus excursion
  15. Event transportation
  16. School bus rental
  17. Bus travel
  18. Bus leasing

You can reach out via phone or email, and we'll assist you in tailoring your reservation to meet your specific needs. You can rest easy knowing that reliability is a cornerstone of their service. These vehicles are equipped with the latest technology to ensure fuel efficiency and lower carbon footprints.

Explore Vancouver VIP Bus Service here
Vancouver Luxury Charter Service
An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

[edit]

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

[edit]

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

[edit]

A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

[edit]

A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

[edit]

A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

[edit]
Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

[edit]

Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

[edit]

In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

[edit]

A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

[edit]

A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

[edit]

In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

1908 Studebaker limousine with an open driver's compartment
1953 Rolls-Royce Phantom IV (coachwork by Hooper)

A limousine (/ˈlɪməziːn/ or /lɪməˈziːn/), or limo (/ˈlɪmoʊ/) for short,[1] is a large, chauffeur-driven luxury vehicle with a partition between the driver compartment and the passenger compartment which can be operated mechanically by hand or by a button electronically.[2] A luxury sedan with a very long wheelbase and driven by a professional driver is called a stretch limousine.[3]

In some countries, such as the United States, Germany, Canada, and Australia, a limousine service may be any pre-booked hire car with a driver, usually, but only sometimes a luxury car. In particular, airport shuttle services are often called "limousine services", though they often use minivans or light commercial vehicles.[2]

Etymology

[edit]
The type of limousine hood or roof described in the text (1912 Vauxhall)

The word limousine is derived from the name of the French region Limousin; however, how the area's name was transferred to the car is uncertain.

One possibility involves a particular type of carriage hood or roof that physically resembled the raised hood of the cloak worn by the shepherds there.[4][5]

An alternate etymology speculates that some early chauffeurs wore a Limousin-style cloak in the open driver's compartment for protection from the weather.[6] The name was then extended to this particular type of car with a permanent top projecting over the chauffeur.[4] This former type of automobile had an enclosed passenger compartment seating three to five persons, with only a roof projecting forward over the open driver's area in the front.[7]

History

[edit]

Wealthy owners of expensive carriages and their passengers were accustomed to their private compartments leaving their coachman or driver outside in all weathers. When automobiles arrived, the same people required a similar arrangement for their chauffeurs. As such, the 1916 definition of limousine by the US Society of Automobile Engineers is "a closed car seating three to five inside, with driver's seat outside".[8]

In Great Britain, the limousine de-ville was a version of the limousine town car where the driver's compartment was outside and had no weather protection.[9]: 103  The limousine-landaulet variant (also sold in the United States) had a removable or folding roof section over the rear passenger seat.[9]: 100 

In the United States, sub-categories of limousines in 1916 were the berline, defined as "a limousine having the driver's seat entirely enclosed", and the brougham, described as "a limousine with no roof over the driver's seat."[8]

The president of the United States has ridden in a variety of brands of state cars starting from 1899 when President William McKinley was the first to ride in a car, a steam Locomobile.[10][11][12]

U.S. limousine business declined in the 21st century due to the effects of the Great Recession, the subsequent rise of ride sharing apps, and an industry crisis precipitated by deadly stretch limousine crashes in 2015 and Schoharie, New York, in 2018. Moreover, during this time, people who would have once utilized limousines began opting to travel more discreetly in cars like black SUVs.[13]

Characteristics

[edit]

The limousine body style usually has a partition separating the driver from the rear passenger compartment.[6][9] This partition usually includes an openable glass section so passengers may see the road. Communication with the driver is possible either by opening the partition window or using an intercom system.

Limousines are often long-wheelbase vehicles to provide extra legroom in the passenger compartment. There will usually be occasional seats (in the U.S. called jump seats) at the front of the compartment (either forward-facing, rear-facing, or able to face either direction).

Many nations have official state cars designed to transport government officials. The top leaders have dedicated and specially equipped limousines. The United States Presidential State Car is the official car of the President of the United States.

Stretch limousines

[edit]
Lincoln Town Car stretch limousine

Stretch limousines are longer than regular limousines, usually to accommodate more passengers. Stretch limousines may have seating along the sides of the cabin.

A "stretch limousine" was created in Fort Smith, Arkansas, around 1928 by the Armbruster coach company. Their vehicles were primarily used to transport famous "big band" leaders, such as Glenn Miller and Benny Goodman, and their members and equipment. These early stretch limousines were often called "big band buses". Armbruster called their lengthened cars "extended-wheelbase multi-door auto-coaches". Their 12-passenger coaches were used by hotels, taxis, airlines, corporations, and tour companies.[14] Knock-down programs by automakers made coachbuilders stretch vehicles, but Armbruster also custom built limousines using unibody construction such as the 1969 AMC Ambassadors.[15]

As of 2023, stretch limousines comprise one percent of U.S. limousine company offerings. That total was down from about ten percent in 2013.[13]

Novelty limousines

[edit]

A variety of vehicles not designed as limousines have been converted into novelty limousines.[16] Another style of novelty limousine are those painted in bright colors, such as purple or pink.[17]

Vehicles converted into novelty stretch limousines include the East German Trabant, Volkswagen Beetle, Fiat Panda, and Citroën 2CV. There are instances of Corvettes, Ferraris, and Mini Coopers being stretched to accommodate up to 10 passengers.

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Garner, Bryan (July 28, 2009). Garner's Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199874620. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved August 2, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Definition of limousine". merriam-webster.com. October 28, 2019. Archived from the original on September 20, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  3. ^ "Definition of Stretch Limo". merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  4. ^ a b Dyke, Andrew Lee (1920). Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Engine Encyclopedia (Twelfth ed.). p. 582. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  5. ^ Ayto, John (2009). Word Origins. A&C Black Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4081-0160-5. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  6. ^ a b The Random House College Dictionary. Random House. 1975. p. 777. ISBN 0-394-43600-8. 1. an automobile having a permanently enclosed compartment for from three to five persons, the roof of which projects forward over the driver's seat in front...[< F, special use of limousine long cloak, so called because worn by the shepherds of Limousin, a former province in central France]
  7. ^ "Definition of limousine" (Complete & Unabridged Digital ed.). Collins English Dictionary. 2012. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  8. ^ a b "What's What in Automobile Bodies Officially Determined". The New York Times. August 20, 1916. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2015. Here it is, with other body types and distinctions, officially determined recently by the Nomenclature Division of the Society of Automobile Engineers
  9. ^ a b c Haajanen, Lennart W. (2003). Illustrated Dictionary of Automobile Body Styles. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 96. ISBN 0-7864-1276-3. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  10. ^ Huffman, John Pearley (January 19, 2009). "The Top Presidential Limousines of All Time". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  11. ^ DeWitt, Nancy (September 4, 2012). "Presidential Wheels". Fountainhead Antique Auto Museum. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  12. ^ "A Car Fit For A President". Grundy Insurance. February 25, 2017. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  13. ^ a b Jiménez, Jesus (2023-04-28). "The Long Demise of the Stretch Limousine". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2023-04-30. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
  14. ^ Theobald, Mark; DeWinter IV, Bernie (2004). "Armbruster & Company, Tom Armbruster, Ed Robben, Armbruster/Stageway, Fort Smith, Airport Limousine, Earnhart & Johansen". coachbuilt.com. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  15. ^ Strohl, Daniel (23 September 2018). "1969 AMC Ambassador Limousine". Hemmings. Archived from the original on 28 December 2022. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  16. ^ "Dave's Classic Limousines Pictures: Novelty Limousines". Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  17. ^ Naylor, Sharon (2004). 1000 Best Wedding Bargains. Sourcebooks. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-4022-0298-8. Retrieved June 27, 2015. novelty limousines.
[edit]
  • The dictionary definition of limousine at Wiktionary
  • Media related to Limousines at Wikimedia Commons

 

1908 Studebaker limousine with an open driver's compartment
1953 Rolls-Royce Phantom IV (coachwork by Hooper)

A limousine (/ˈlɪməziːn/ or /lɪməˈziːn/), or limo (/ˈlɪmoʊ/) for short,[1] is a large, chauffeur-driven luxury vehicle with a partition between the driver compartment and the passenger compartment which can be operated mechanically by hand or by a button electronically.[2] A luxury sedan with a very long wheelbase and driven by a professional driver is called a stretch limousine.[3]

In some countries, such as the United States, Germany, Canada, and Australia, a limousine service may be any pre-booked hire car with a driver, usually, but only sometimes a luxury car. In particular, airport shuttle services are often called "limousine services", though they often use minivans or light commercial vehicles.[2]

Etymology

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The type of limousine hood or roof described in the text (1912 Vauxhall)

The word limousine is derived from the name of the French region Limousin; however, how the area's name was transferred to the car is uncertain.

One possibility involves a particular type of carriage hood or roof that physically resembled the raised hood of the cloak worn by the shepherds there.[4][5]

An alternate etymology speculates that some early chauffeurs wore a Limousin-style cloak in the open driver's compartment for protection from the weather.[6] The name was then extended to this particular type of car with a permanent top projecting over the chauffeur.[4] This former type of automobile had an enclosed passenger compartment seating three to five persons, with only a roof projecting forward over the open driver's area in the front.[7]

History

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Wealthy owners of expensive carriages and their passengers were accustomed to their private compartments leaving their coachman or driver outside in all weathers. When automobiles arrived, the same people required a similar arrangement for their chauffeurs. As such, the 1916 definition of limousine by the US Society of Automobile Engineers is "a closed car seating three to five inside, with driver's seat outside".[8]

In Great Britain, the limousine de-ville was a version of the limousine town car where the driver's compartment was outside and had no weather protection.[9]: 103  The limousine-landaulet variant (also sold in the United States) had a removable or folding roof section over the rear passenger seat.[9]: 100 

In the United States, sub-categories of limousines in 1916 were the berline, defined as "a limousine having the driver's seat entirely enclosed", and the brougham, described as "a limousine with no roof over the driver's seat."[8]

The president of the United States has ridden in a variety of brands of state cars starting from 1899 when President William McKinley was the first to ride in a car, a steam Locomobile.[10][11][12]

U.S. limousine business declined in the 21st century due to the effects of the Great Recession, the subsequent rise of ride sharing apps, and an industry crisis precipitated by deadly stretch limousine crashes in 2015 and Schoharie, New York, in 2018. Moreover, during this time, people who would have once utilized limousines began opting to travel more discreetly in cars like black SUVs.[13]

Characteristics

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The limousine body style usually has a partition separating the driver from the rear passenger compartment.[6][9] This partition usually includes an openable glass section so passengers may see the road. Communication with the driver is possible either by opening the partition window or using an intercom system.

Limousines are often long-wheelbase vehicles to provide extra legroom in the passenger compartment. There will usually be occasional seats (in the U.S. called jump seats) at the front of the compartment (either forward-facing, rear-facing, or able to face either direction).

Many nations have official state cars designed to transport government officials. The top leaders have dedicated and specially equipped limousines. The United States Presidential State Car is the official car of the President of the United States.

Stretch limousines

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Lincoln Town Car stretch limousine

Stretch limousines are longer than regular limousines, usually to accommodate more passengers. Stretch limousines may have seating along the sides of the cabin.

A "stretch limousine" was created in Fort Smith, Arkansas, around 1928 by the Armbruster coach company. Their vehicles were primarily used to transport famous "big band" leaders, such as Glenn Miller and Benny Goodman, and their members and equipment. These early stretch limousines were often called "big band buses". Armbruster called their lengthened cars "extended-wheelbase multi-door auto-coaches". Their 12-passenger coaches were used by hotels, taxis, airlines, corporations, and tour companies.[14] Knock-down programs by automakers made coachbuilders stretch vehicles, but Armbruster also custom built limousines using unibody construction such as the 1969 AMC Ambassadors.[15]

As of 2023, stretch limousines comprise one percent of U.S. limousine company offerings. That total was down from about ten percent in 2013.[13]

Novelty limousines

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A variety of vehicles not designed as limousines have been converted into novelty limousines.[16] Another style of novelty limousine are those painted in bright colors, such as purple or pink.[17]

Vehicles converted into novelty stretch limousines include the East German Trabant, Volkswagen Beetle, Fiat Panda, and Citroën 2CV. There are instances of Corvettes, Ferraris, and Mini Coopers being stretched to accommodate up to 10 passengers.

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Garner, Bryan (July 28, 2009). Garner's Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199874620. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved August 2, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Definition of limousine". merriam-webster.com. October 28, 2019. Archived from the original on September 20, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  3. ^ "Definition of Stretch Limo". merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  4. ^ a b Dyke, Andrew Lee (1920). Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Engine Encyclopedia (Twelfth ed.). p. 582. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  5. ^ Ayto, John (2009). Word Origins. A&C Black Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4081-0160-5. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  6. ^ a b The Random House College Dictionary. Random House. 1975. p. 777. ISBN 0-394-43600-8. 1. an automobile having a permanently enclosed compartment for from three to five persons, the roof of which projects forward over the driver's seat in front...[< F, special use of limousine long cloak, so called because worn by the shepherds of Limousin, a former province in central France]
  7. ^ "Definition of limousine" (Complete & Unabridged Digital ed.). Collins English Dictionary. 2012. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  8. ^ a b "What's What in Automobile Bodies Officially Determined". The New York Times. August 20, 1916. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2015. Here it is, with other body types and distinctions, officially determined recently by the Nomenclature Division of the Society of Automobile Engineers
  9. ^ a b c Haajanen, Lennart W. (2003). Illustrated Dictionary of Automobile Body Styles. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 96. ISBN 0-7864-1276-3. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  10. ^ Huffman, John Pearley (January 19, 2009). "The Top Presidential Limousines of All Time". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  11. ^ DeWitt, Nancy (September 4, 2012). "Presidential Wheels". Fountainhead Antique Auto Museum. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  12. ^ "A Car Fit For A President". Grundy Insurance. February 25, 2017. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  13. ^ a b Jiménez, Jesus (2023-04-28). "The Long Demise of the Stretch Limousine". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2023-04-30. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
  14. ^ Theobald, Mark; DeWinter IV, Bernie (2004). "Armbruster & Company, Tom Armbruster, Ed Robben, Armbruster/Stageway, Fort Smith, Airport Limousine, Earnhart & Johansen". coachbuilt.com. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  15. ^ Strohl, Daniel (23 September 2018). "1969 AMC Ambassador Limousine". Hemmings. Archived from the original on 28 December 2022. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  16. ^ "Dave's Classic Limousines Pictures: Novelty Limousines". Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  17. ^ Naylor, Sharon (2004). 1000 Best Wedding Bargains. Sourcebooks. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-4022-0298-8. Retrieved June 27, 2015. novelty limousines.
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  • The dictionary definition of limousine at Wiktionary
  • Media related to Limousines at Wikimedia Commons

 

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