Airport Transfer Charter Buses Vancouver

Airport Transfer Charter Buses Vancouver

Metro Vancouver

On the other hand, their minibuses are perfect for navigating the city's bustling streets, offering easy access to all the sights and sounds without the hassle of parking large vehicles.

Bus excursion

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But what truly makes their approach revolutionary? And, let's not forget the climate control system, which maintains an ideal temperature, ensuring you're comfortable no matter the season. Whether you're planning a corporate event, a luxurious wedding, or a scenic tour across Vancouver's breathtaking landscapes, they've got you covered. Want to impress your clients with a sophisticated ride? Learn more about Airport Transfer Charter Buses Vancouver here
It's all about making sure your travel is as seamless and enjoyable as possible. Need multiple stops? In short, they've set a new standard for bus travel, where you don't just reach your destination, you do so feeling refreshed and relaxed. After exploring our onboard entertainment options, let's not forget that your safety is our top priority as we cruise through Vancouver.
Imagine reclining in plush, spacious seats that allow you to relax or work with ease, complemented by personal charging stations to keep your devices powered throughout the trip. They understand that it's not just about getting from point A to point B; it's about how you get there. Many testimonials also commend the drivers' professionalism and friendliness, ensuring you feel welcome from the moment you step on board. Group transportation Choosing Star Coach means you're not just getting from point A to point B; you're making the journey part of your love story.
Whether you're dreaming of a classic, elegant arrival or a more modern, whimsical entrance, they've got you covered. It's this dedication to excellence that has solidified Star Coach's position at the top of the bus rental market.

Bus excursion

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It's all about making your Vancouver adventure as memorable and personal as possible. Next, your journey takes you to the bustling Granville Island, where the public market presents an array of local delicacies, artisan crafts, and lively performers.

Learn more about Vancouver Charter Buses by Star Coach here.

Our team uses advanced technology to map out the most efficient routes, ensuring you arrive at your destination not just on time, but with ease. Field trip bus Right off the bat, you're not just another client; you're part of the Star Coach family. Highly trained and knowledgeable about the best routes in and around Vancouver, they ensure your journey is safe, comfortable, and on time. Let's turn your travel dreams into reality, offering you a journey that's as exceptional as your destination.
When you're looking for more than just a ride, their selection of vehicles guarantees that you'll find the perfect match for your needs, whether it's a corporate event, a wedding, or just a luxurious way to explore the city. To ensure your booking experience is as luxurious as your ride, we've streamlined the reservation process, making it quick and straightforward. Each bus in their fleet undergoes regular, comprehensive inspections and maintenance.
Moreover, our drivers aren't just skilled at navigating the busy streets of Vancouver; they're ambassadors of hospitality, trained to offer a service that goes beyond just driving. When it comes to choosing a luxury bus rental in Vancouver, why does Star Coach consistently outshine the competition? If something unexpected pops up, we can adjust swiftly, without disrupting your schedule.

Community bus service

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Read more about Airport Transfer Charter Buses Vancouver here
At Star Coach, it's not just about getting you to your destination; it's about making sure you enjoy every step of the journey. Choosing a luxury bus means you're not just thinking about logistics; you're crafting an experience. Our fleet includes everything from cozy minibuses perfect for smaller groups to full-sized luxury coaches that can accommodate larger parties with ease.

Executive Bus Rentals Vancouver

Vancouver is a major city in Western Canada, located in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia. As the most populous city in the province, the 2021 Canadian census recorded 662,248 people in the city, up from 631,486 in 2016. The Metro Vancouver area had a population of 2.6 million in 2021, making it the third-largest metropolitan area in Canada. Greater Vancouver, along with the Fraser Valley, comprises the Lower Mainland with a regional population of over 3 million. Vancouver has the highest population density in Canada, with over 5,700 inhabitants per square kilometre (15,000/sq mi), and the fourth highest in North America (after New York City, San Francisco, and Mexico City).

Citations and other links

Vancouver Corporate Coach Service

The plush seating is more than just a place to sit-it's your ticket to relaxation, with reclining features and ample legroom. Event shuttles But safety isn't the only priority; your comfort is equally paramount. These aren't your typical gas-guzzlers; they're modern vehicles powered by alternative fuels and advanced systems that significantly reduce emissions. Bus hire Airport transfer We've also integrated the latest technology for your entertainment and connectivity. They're with you every step of the way, from pre-trip planning to post-trip follow-up, ensuring your experience is smooth and hassle-free.

Star Coach understands the importance of making your special day run smoothly. In recent years, an impressive 60% of luxury bus rentals in Vancouver have been attributed to Star Coach, a company that's quickly become synonymous with the epitome of travel opulence. With a luxury bus, you're not bound by the typical constraints of public transport. Another success story comes from a bride who used Star Coach for her wedding day.

Group transportation

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Their goal is to transform your journey into a memorable part of your event. First off, they've upgraded their fleet to include buses powered by cleaner energy sources, such as electric motors and biodiesel fuels. The overhead compartments are generous, allowing you to store your carry-on items without sacrificing your personal space. You can rest easy knowing that reliability is a cornerstone of their service.

By exploring what makes Star Coach the go-to choice, you'll uncover insights that could redefine your expectations for luxury travel. If you're looking to unwind, take advantage of the onboard entertainment system, complete with a selection of movies, music, and games. From scenic drives through the Canadian Rockies to exploring Vancouver's vibrant city life, you have the power to create the perfect trip. But what truly sets them apart in the bustling bus rental market?

Vancouver Corporate Coach Service
Private Tour Bus Vancouver

Private Tour Bus Vancouver

As you step inside, you're greeted by plush, reclining seats that promise relaxation throughout your journey.

Bus hire

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Whether you're drawn to the pulsing heart of downtown, the serene landscapes of Stanley Park, or the cultural richness of Granville Island, you have the freedom to choose. Wrapping up, these testimonials paint a vivid picture of why choosing Star Coach is more than just hiring a bus service-it's about ensuring a comfortable, safe, and enjoyable journey for everyone involved. You'll find that their reviews paint a picture of unparalleled luxury, reliability, and customer care that's hard to match. Moreover, we don't just rest on the laurels of our existing fleet; we're constantly updating and maintaining our buses to meet and exceed the highest standards.

They've got it. Beyond ensuring your safety and comfort, Star Coach's commitment extends to providing unparalleled customer service, ensuring your experience is seamless from start to finish. Or picture your corporate team traveling together to a retreat or conference, fostering team spirit and camaraderie along the way. How about entertainment systems for a long ride with kids?

From state-of-the-art GPS tracking systems that monitor buses in real-time to advanced emergency braking systems, they've got it all covered. It's a win-win: you enjoy top-notch service while supporting eco-conscious transportation. Team travel Bus for hire They've streamlined operations to cut down on unnecessary trips, reducing overall emissions. Imagine not having to worry about the logistics of your trip because you've got a team that's got it all covered.

You can reach out via phone or email, and we'll assist you in tailoring your reservation to meet your specific needs. In Star Coach, every detail is thoughtfully considered to ensure your journey is as enjoyable as your destination. Wi-Fi connectivity keeps you plugged in, while onboard entertainment options ensure there's never a dull moment. Navigating the bustling streets and scenic routes, we take into account real-time traffic updates, construction detours, and local events that might impact your journey.

Executive Charter Coach Vancouver

Star Coach isn't just about transporting you from point A to point B; it's about ensuring your journey is as memorable as the destination itself. Comfortable bus rental Understanding the complexities of Vancouver's roadways, we've mastered strategic route planning to ensure your travel is as efficient and timely as possible. And it doesn't stop after you've booked your bus. That's why they've built a reputation for being on time, every time. You'll start by selecting your desired service, whether it's a luxury tour of Vancouver's breathtaking sights or a stylish, comfortable ride for a special event.

Moreover, when you opt for luxury transportation, you're also choosing peace of mind. Exploring Vancouver becomes an unforgettable adventure when you're aboard one of our luxury buses, designed to elevate every moment of your journey. Whether you're celebrating a milestone birthday, organizing a wedding, or planning any significant celebration, Star Coach's bus rental services in Vancouver offer the perfect transportation solution for your special event. Community bus service You won't be left hanging.

You won't need designated drivers, and the party starts the moment you board. We've thought of everything to keep you entertained, making your journey with us not just a trip from A to B, but an experience to remember. Moreover, the ability to customize doesn't stop at choosing a bus. They offer insights and recommendations, enhancing your itinerary with hidden gems and must-see spots that only locals know about.

While signature amenities enhance your journey, the comfort and space provided by our luxury buses ensure a truly relaxing travel experience. Convention transport You don't have to worry about navigating through a maze of options or dealing with last-minute availability issues. Moreover, safety and comfort are top priorities for Star Coach. Beyond their driving capabilities, Star Coach's staff are well-versed in handling logistics and customer relations.

Executive Charter Coach Vancouver
Vancouver Luxury VIP Coach
Vancouver Luxury VIP Coach

Star Coach has got you covered. We consider factors like the time of day, the nature of your event, and your preferences for scenic versus direct routes. Isn't it a happy coincidence that you're in need of corporate and event travel solutions in Vancouver just as Star Coach unveils its top-tier bus rental services? Transport charter Every vehicle in Star Coach's fleet is equipped with the latest safety technologies, including advanced braking systems, stability control, and continuous mechanical inspections to guarantee reliability on the road.

Through consistent delivery of high-quality service and a fleet that boasts the latest in comfort and technology, they've carved out a niche that's hard to compete with. You'll find each vehicle in their fleet is equipped with the latest safety technologies, including advanced GPS tracking, to keep you on the safest route and allow for real-time location updates.

Transport charter

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Star Coach doesn't stop at their vehicles.

Building on our commitment to a customized luxury experience, we equip each bus with advanced onboard amenities to enhance your journey. Plus, the professional drivers aren't only skilled at navigating the city's streets but also committed to your safety and well-being. Whether you're planning a corporate retreat, a big family reunion, or a school trip, they've got you covered.

Let's be part of your next occasion, and we'll ensure it's as memorable as the event itself. Their attention to detail is unmatched, from the choice of onboard entertainment to the professionalism of their drivers. From the moment you reach out for a booking, you're met with a team eager to tailor every detail to your preferences.

Premium Executive Coach Vancouver

You'll find their flexibility and dedication to service transforms your travel plans from mere transportation to a bespoke journey. They're committed to maintaining the highest safety standards, keeping you safe and secure, no matter the destination. Their buses come equipped with comfortable seating, ambient lighting, and state-of-the-art entertainment systems, ensuring your journey is as enjoyable as possible. Star Coach elevates your special day with bespoke wedding packages designed to complement their premier event transportation, ensuring your journey to the altar is as memorable as the ceremony itself.
You'll notice that each bus boasts state-of-the-art amenities, including plush seating, advanced entertainment systems, and climate control, ensuring your journey is as comfortable as it can be. In an era where environmental consciousness is paramount, Vancouver's Star Coach Bus Rentals prioritizes eco-friendly transportation options for all its passengers. The interiors are nothing short of lavish, featuring plush seating, state-of-the-art entertainment systems, and onboard Wi-Fi to keep you connected on the move.

Community bus service

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By choosing Star Coach, you're not just opting for a high-end travel experience; you're also making a conscious choice to support eco-friendly transportation. From the gleaming exteriors to the plush, well-appointed interiors, it's clear they've paid attention to every detail. They're certified professionals, trained not just in driving but in emergency response, defensive driving, and customer service.

Comfortable bus rental

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When you choose us for your travel needs in Vancouver, you're not just getting a ride; you're embarking on a premier experience that's unmatched in the industry. Moreover, these luxury coaches offer a seamless blend of convenience and style. Instead, you can pick and choose the amenities and services that best fit your group's preferences and budget.

Explore Airport Transfer Charter Buses Vancouver here
Premium Executive Coach Vancouver
An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

[edit]

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

[edit]

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

[edit]

A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

[edit]

A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

[edit]

A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

[edit]
Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

[edit]

Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

[edit]

In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

[edit]

A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

[edit]

A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

[edit]

In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

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[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

1908 Studebaker limousine with an open driver's compartment
1953 Rolls-Royce Phantom IV (coachwork by Hooper)

A limousine (/ˈlɪməziːn/ or /lɪməˈziːn/), or limo (/ˈlɪmoʊ/) for short,[1] is a large, chauffeur-driven luxury vehicle with a partition between the driver compartment and the passenger compartment which can be operated mechanically by hand or by a button electronically.[2] A luxury sedan with a very long wheelbase and driven by a professional driver is called a stretch limousine.[3]

In some countries, such as the United States, Germany, Canada, and Australia, a limousine service may be any pre-booked hire car with a driver, usually, but only sometimes a luxury car. In particular, airport shuttle services are often called "limousine services", though they often use minivans or light commercial vehicles.[2]

Etymology

[edit]
The type of limousine hood or roof described in the text (1912 Vauxhall)

The word limousine is derived from the name of the French region Limousin; however, how the area's name was transferred to the car is uncertain.

One possibility involves a particular type of carriage hood or roof that physically resembled the raised hood of the cloak worn by the shepherds there.[4][5]

An alternate etymology speculates that some early chauffeurs wore a Limousin-style cloak in the open driver's compartment for protection from the weather.[6] The name was then extended to this particular type of car with a permanent top projecting over the chauffeur.[4] This former type of automobile had an enclosed passenger compartment seating three to five persons, with only a roof projecting forward over the open driver's area in the front.[7]

History

[edit]

Wealthy owners of expensive carriages and their passengers were accustomed to their private compartments leaving their coachman or driver outside in all weathers. When automobiles arrived, the same people required a similar arrangement for their chauffeurs. As such, the 1916 definition of limousine by the US Society of Automobile Engineers is "a closed car seating three to five inside, with driver's seat outside".[8]

In Great Britain, the limousine de-ville was a version of the limousine town car where the driver's compartment was outside and had no weather protection.[9]: 103  The limousine-landaulet variant (also sold in the United States) had a removable or folding roof section over the rear passenger seat.[9]: 100 

In the United States, sub-categories of limousines in 1916 were the berline, defined as "a limousine having the driver's seat entirely enclosed", and the brougham, described as "a limousine with no roof over the driver's seat."[8]

The president of the United States has ridden in a variety of brands of state cars starting from 1899 when President William McKinley was the first to ride in a car, a steam Locomobile.[10][11][12]

U.S. limousine business declined in the 21st century due to the effects of the Great Recession, the subsequent rise of ride sharing apps, and an industry crisis precipitated by deadly stretch limousine crashes in 2015 and Schoharie, New York, in 2018. Moreover, during this time, people who would have once utilized limousines began opting to travel more discreetly in cars like black SUVs.[13]

Characteristics

[edit]

The limousine body style usually has a partition separating the driver from the rear passenger compartment.[6][9] This partition usually includes an openable glass section so passengers may see the road. Communication with the driver is possible either by opening the partition window or using an intercom system.

Limousines are often long-wheelbase vehicles to provide extra legroom in the passenger compartment. There will usually be occasional seats (in the U.S. called jump seats) at the front of the compartment (either forward-facing, rear-facing, or able to face either direction).

Many nations have official state cars designed to transport government officials. The top leaders have dedicated and specially equipped limousines. The United States Presidential State Car is the official car of the President of the United States.

Stretch limousines

[edit]
Lincoln Town Car stretch limousine

Stretch limousines are longer than regular limousines, usually to accommodate more passengers. Stretch limousines may have seating along the sides of the cabin.

A "stretch limousine" was created in Fort Smith, Arkansas, around 1928 by the Armbruster coach company. Their vehicles were primarily used to transport famous "big band" leaders, such as Glenn Miller and Benny Goodman, and their members and equipment. These early stretch limousines were often called "big band buses". Armbruster called their lengthened cars "extended-wheelbase multi-door auto-coaches". Their 12-passenger coaches were used by hotels, taxis, airlines, corporations, and tour companies.[14] Knock-down programs by automakers made coachbuilders stretch vehicles, but Armbruster also custom built limousines using unibody construction such as the 1969 AMC Ambassadors.[15]

As of 2023, stretch limousines comprise one percent of U.S. limousine company offerings. That total was down from about ten percent in 2013.[13]

Novelty limousines

[edit]

A variety of vehicles not designed as limousines have been converted into novelty limousines.[16] Another style of novelty limousine are those painted in bright colors, such as purple or pink.[17]

Vehicles converted into novelty stretch limousines include the East German Trabant, Volkswagen Beetle, Fiat Panda, and Citroën 2CV. There are instances of Corvettes, Ferraris, and Mini Coopers being stretched to accommodate up to 10 passengers.

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Garner, Bryan (July 28, 2009). Garner's Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199874620. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved August 2, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Definition of limousine". merriam-webster.com. October 28, 2019. Archived from the original on September 20, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  3. ^ "Definition of Stretch Limo". merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  4. ^ a b Dyke, Andrew Lee (1920). Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Engine Encyclopedia (Twelfth ed.). p. 582. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  5. ^ Ayto, John (2009). Word Origins. A&C Black Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4081-0160-5. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  6. ^ a b The Random House College Dictionary. Random House. 1975. p. 777. ISBN 0-394-43600-8. 1. an automobile having a permanently enclosed compartment for from three to five persons, the roof of which projects forward over the driver's seat in front...[< F, special use of limousine long cloak, so called because worn by the shepherds of Limousin, a former province in central France]
  7. ^ "Definition of limousine" (Complete & Unabridged Digital ed.). Collins English Dictionary. 2012. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  8. ^ a b "What's What in Automobile Bodies Officially Determined". The New York Times. August 20, 1916. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2015. Here it is, with other body types and distinctions, officially determined recently by the Nomenclature Division of the Society of Automobile Engineers
  9. ^ a b c Haajanen, Lennart W. (2003). Illustrated Dictionary of Automobile Body Styles. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 96. ISBN 0-7864-1276-3. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  10. ^ Huffman, John Pearley (January 19, 2009). "The Top Presidential Limousines of All Time". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  11. ^ DeWitt, Nancy (September 4, 2012). "Presidential Wheels". Fountainhead Antique Auto Museum. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  12. ^ "A Car Fit For A President". Grundy Insurance. February 25, 2017. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  13. ^ a b Jiménez, Jesus (2023-04-28). "The Long Demise of the Stretch Limousine". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2023-04-30. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
  14. ^ Theobald, Mark; DeWinter IV, Bernie (2004). "Armbruster & Company, Tom Armbruster, Ed Robben, Armbruster/Stageway, Fort Smith, Airport Limousine, Earnhart & Johansen". coachbuilt.com. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  15. ^ Strohl, Daniel (23 September 2018). "1969 AMC Ambassador Limousine". Hemmings. Archived from the original on 28 December 2022. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  16. ^ "Dave's Classic Limousines Pictures: Novelty Limousines". Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  17. ^ Naylor, Sharon (2004). 1000 Best Wedding Bargains. Sourcebooks. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-4022-0298-8. Retrieved June 27, 2015. novelty limousines.
[edit]
  • The dictionary definition of limousine at Wiktionary
  • Media related to Limousines at Wikimedia Commons

 

1908 Studebaker limousine with an open driver's compartment
1953 Rolls-Royce Phantom IV (coachwork by Hooper)

A limousine (/ˈlɪməziːn/ or /lɪməˈziːn/), or limo (/ˈlɪmoʊ/) for short,[1] is a large, chauffeur-driven luxury vehicle with a partition between the driver compartment and the passenger compartment which can be operated mechanically by hand or by a button electronically.[2] A luxury sedan with a very long wheelbase and driven by a professional driver is called a stretch limousine.[3]

In some countries, such as the United States, Germany, Canada, and Australia, a limousine service may be any pre-booked hire car with a driver, usually, but only sometimes a luxury car. In particular, airport shuttle services are often called "limousine services", though they often use minivans or light commercial vehicles.[2]

Etymology

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The type of limousine hood or roof described in the text (1912 Vauxhall)

The word limousine is derived from the name of the French region Limousin; however, how the area's name was transferred to the car is uncertain.

One possibility involves a particular type of carriage hood or roof that physically resembled the raised hood of the cloak worn by the shepherds there.[4][5]

An alternate etymology speculates that some early chauffeurs wore a Limousin-style cloak in the open driver's compartment for protection from the weather.[6] The name was then extended to this particular type of car with a permanent top projecting over the chauffeur.[4] This former type of automobile had an enclosed passenger compartment seating three to five persons, with only a roof projecting forward over the open driver's area in the front.[7]

History

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Wealthy owners of expensive carriages and their passengers were accustomed to their private compartments leaving their coachman or driver outside in all weathers. When automobiles arrived, the same people required a similar arrangement for their chauffeurs. As such, the 1916 definition of limousine by the US Society of Automobile Engineers is "a closed car seating three to five inside, with driver's seat outside".[8]

In Great Britain, the limousine de-ville was a version of the limousine town car where the driver's compartment was outside and had no weather protection.[9]: 103  The limousine-landaulet variant (also sold in the United States) had a removable or folding roof section over the rear passenger seat.[9]: 100 

In the United States, sub-categories of limousines in 1916 were the berline, defined as "a limousine having the driver's seat entirely enclosed", and the brougham, described as "a limousine with no roof over the driver's seat."[8]

The president of the United States has ridden in a variety of brands of state cars starting from 1899 when President William McKinley was the first to ride in a car, a steam Locomobile.[10][11][12]

U.S. limousine business declined in the 21st century due to the effects of the Great Recession, the subsequent rise of ride sharing apps, and an industry crisis precipitated by deadly stretch limousine crashes in 2015 and Schoharie, New York, in 2018. Moreover, during this time, people who would have once utilized limousines began opting to travel more discreetly in cars like black SUVs.[13]

Characteristics

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The limousine body style usually has a partition separating the driver from the rear passenger compartment.[6][9] This partition usually includes an openable glass section so passengers may see the road. Communication with the driver is possible either by opening the partition window or using an intercom system.

Limousines are often long-wheelbase vehicles to provide extra legroom in the passenger compartment. There will usually be occasional seats (in the U.S. called jump seats) at the front of the compartment (either forward-facing, rear-facing, or able to face either direction).

Many nations have official state cars designed to transport government officials. The top leaders have dedicated and specially equipped limousines. The United States Presidential State Car is the official car of the President of the United States.

Stretch limousines

[edit]
Lincoln Town Car stretch limousine

Stretch limousines are longer than regular limousines, usually to accommodate more passengers. Stretch limousines may have seating along the sides of the cabin.

A "stretch limousine" was created in Fort Smith, Arkansas, around 1928 by the Armbruster coach company. Their vehicles were primarily used to transport famous "big band" leaders, such as Glenn Miller and Benny Goodman, and their members and equipment. These early stretch limousines were often called "big band buses". Armbruster called their lengthened cars "extended-wheelbase multi-door auto-coaches". Their 12-passenger coaches were used by hotels, taxis, airlines, corporations, and tour companies.[14] Knock-down programs by automakers made coachbuilders stretch vehicles, but Armbruster also custom built limousines using unibody construction such as the 1969 AMC Ambassadors.[15]

As of 2023, stretch limousines comprise one percent of U.S. limousine company offerings. That total was down from about ten percent in 2013.[13]

Novelty limousines

[edit]

A variety of vehicles not designed as limousines have been converted into novelty limousines.[16] Another style of novelty limousine are those painted in bright colors, such as purple or pink.[17]

Vehicles converted into novelty stretch limousines include the East German Trabant, Volkswagen Beetle, Fiat Panda, and Citroën 2CV. There are instances of Corvettes, Ferraris, and Mini Coopers being stretched to accommodate up to 10 passengers.

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See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ Garner, Bryan (July 28, 2009). Garner's Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199874620. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved August 2, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Definition of limousine". merriam-webster.com. October 28, 2019. Archived from the original on September 20, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  3. ^ "Definition of Stretch Limo". merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  4. ^ a b Dyke, Andrew Lee (1920). Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Engine Encyclopedia (Twelfth ed.). p. 582. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  5. ^ Ayto, John (2009). Word Origins. A&C Black Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4081-0160-5. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  6. ^ a b The Random House College Dictionary. Random House. 1975. p. 777. ISBN 0-394-43600-8. 1. an automobile having a permanently enclosed compartment for from three to five persons, the roof of which projects forward over the driver's seat in front...[< F, special use of limousine long cloak, so called because worn by the shepherds of Limousin, a former province in central France]
  7. ^ "Definition of limousine" (Complete & Unabridged Digital ed.). Collins English Dictionary. 2012. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  8. ^ a b "What's What in Automobile Bodies Officially Determined". The New York Times. August 20, 1916. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2015. Here it is, with other body types and distinctions, officially determined recently by the Nomenclature Division of the Society of Automobile Engineers
  9. ^ a b c Haajanen, Lennart W. (2003). Illustrated Dictionary of Automobile Body Styles. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 96. ISBN 0-7864-1276-3. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  10. ^ Huffman, John Pearley (January 19, 2009). "The Top Presidential Limousines of All Time". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  11. ^ DeWitt, Nancy (September 4, 2012). "Presidential Wheels". Fountainhead Antique Auto Museum. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  12. ^ "A Car Fit For A President". Grundy Insurance. February 25, 2017. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  13. ^ a b Jiménez, Jesus (2023-04-28). "The Long Demise of the Stretch Limousine". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2023-04-30. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
  14. ^ Theobald, Mark; DeWinter IV, Bernie (2004). "Armbruster & Company, Tom Armbruster, Ed Robben, Armbruster/Stageway, Fort Smith, Airport Limousine, Earnhart & Johansen". coachbuilt.com. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  15. ^ Strohl, Daniel (23 September 2018). "1969 AMC Ambassador Limousine". Hemmings. Archived from the original on 28 December 2022. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  16. ^ "Dave's Classic Limousines Pictures: Novelty Limousines". Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  17. ^ Naylor, Sharon (2004). 1000 Best Wedding Bargains. Sourcebooks. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-4022-0298-8. Retrieved June 27, 2015. novelty limousines.
[edit]
  • The dictionary definition of limousine at Wiktionary
  • Media related to Limousines at Wikimedia Commons

 

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, you can request specific drivers for your trips based on previous experiences. This personalized approach ensures you're comfortable and satisfied with your journey, making your travel experience even more enjoyable and tailored to your preferences.

Yes, you can bring your pets on long-distance trips with Star Coach, but there are specific requirements and fees involved. It's best to check directly for the most up-to-date policies before you travel.

Yes, as a frequent renter of these luxury coaches, you're eligible for loyalty programs and discounts. They appreciate repeat business and offer rewards to ensure you're getting the best value on your future rentals.